问题 问答题

简述房间隔缺损的分型及超声诊断。

答案

参考答案:答:(1)分型:继发孔型、静脉窦型(包括上腔型和下腔型)、冠状窦型和原发孔型。(2)超声诊断:①房间隔线样回声局部中断,剑突下四腔心切面是最理想切面;②间接征象:右心扩大、肺动脉增宽、室间隔形态及运动改变;③房间隔水平左向右分流血流信号,右心压增高时,可出现右向左分流。频谱多普勒表现为左向右分流的双峰或三峰波形,肺动脉高压时,则表现为负向频移;④经食管超声心动图可清晰观察房间隔全貌;⑤右心声学造影对于右向左分流及双向分流的房缺,可显示造影剂在心房水平分流至左房;对于左向右分流的房缺,可在房缺的右缘显示“负性造影区”。

阅读理解

How green are you? Do you know how to be green?

We all need a healthy environment, but we produce waste every day and it does harm to our environment. Though we are young, we can still do something to help. In fact, even the simplest everyday activities can make a real difference to the environment. Here are some ideas for you.

Reduce

Reduce means “use less”. Don’t waste things. This saves money and reduces pollution and waste going into the environment. Before we buy something new, think whether it is really necessary—or maybe the old one will be just as good! When we do buy things, choose local products if possible, and try not to buy too many things from abroad.

Reuse

Reuse means “use again”. Use things for as long as possible. When we buy things, make sure that they last a long time. We should look after them so that they will last, and we should repair them if we can instead of throwing them away and buying new ones. Don’t use a paper cup of a paper bag. It’s better to use a china cup and a lunch box because you can use them again.

Recycle

Recycle means “change things into something else”. Though it takes energy to change something into something else, it’s better than throwing things away or burning them. Find out what can be recycled in your neighbourhood and take part in recycling programmes. We should also buy products made from recycled materials, such as recycled paper, to help save trees.

So please remember these three words: reduce, reuse and recycle.

小题1:What is the passage about?

A.How to produce things.

B.How to burn things.

C.How to help others.

D.How to be green.小题2: Which of the following is right?

A.Don’t waste things.

B.Always throw away old things.

C.Always buy new things.

D.Buy too many things from abroad.小题3:Why is it better to use a china cup and a lunch box?

A.You can burn them.

B.You can use them again.

C.You can throw them away.

D.You can change them into something else.小题4:To protect the environment, we should remember these three words: _______.

A.waste, reuse and recycle

B.repair, burn and recycle

C.reduce, reuse and recycle

D.reduce, waste and recycle.小题5: The passage may come from ______.

A.a menu

B.a dictionary

C.a storybook

D.a magazine

单项选择题