问题 选择题

读 “我国西北地区沙地分布及内蒙古某县人口增长与荒漠化发展” 图,完成下列问题。

小题1:据图中信息分析,该县荒漠化不断发展的主要原因是(  )

A.气候干旱

B.过度开垦

C.开采矿产

D.水资源的不合理利用小题2:针对我国西北地区荒漠化不断发展的问题,应该采取的整治措施是(  )

A.恢复地表植被,退耕还牧

B.实施人工降雨

C.调整农业结构,发展粮食生产

D.发展立体农业

答案

小题1:B           

小题2:A

题目分析:

小题1:图中所体现的是人口、耕地与沙漠化面积变化关系图,根据图中信息分析,随着人口不断增长,也不断扩大耕地,耕地面积不断增加,人们过度开垦,导致荒漠化面积不断扩大。所以由图信息可分析,该县荒漠化不断发展的主要原因是过度开垦,B项正确。其他选项图中没有体现。

小题2:荒漠化发展的主要原因是植被的破坏,故治理荒漠化主要采取的措施也从恢复植被入手,A项正确;人工降水只能暂时缓解旱情,不是长久之计,且西北地区本身属于干旱半干旱地区,大气湿度本来就小,过度人工降雨可能会起到反效果,使大气湿度更小更干旱,B错误;西北地区干旱少雨,主要是发展畜牧业,不适宜大力发展种植业进行粮食生产,C项错误;立体农业指地势起伏的高海拔山地、高原地区,农、林、牧业等随自然条件的垂直地带分异,按一定规律由低到高相应呈现多层性、多级利用的垂直变化和立体生产布局特点的一种农业,西北地区水源不足,不利于发展立体农业,且发展立体农业会更不利于植被的恢复。

多项选择题
单项选择题

Questions 11-15 are based on the following passage.
Davis, California, like many other American cities, has been threatened by unchecked growth, swarming automobiles, and steeply rising energy costs. But unlike towns and cities which leave energy policy to the federal government or energy corporations, the citizens of Davis have acted on their own.
After lengthy debate, Davis’ City Council moved to curb growth. It turned against the automobile and embraced the bicycle as a means of transport. It sponsored an inquiry into energy uses and endorsed a series of measures aimed at reducing energy consumption by as much as one half. It cut back the use of petroleum-derived pesticides on the thousands of trees and shrubs that shade the city’s streets, adopting instead a policy of biological control for insects. The city’s own cars and trucks have been transformed into a fleet of compact vehicles. When a Davis employee has to get around town, he borrows a bike from the city rack. Davis even passed a law formally and solemnly sanctioning the clothesline.
The citizens of Davis have been involved in progressive city planning and energy conservation since 1968, when they persuaded the City Council to facilitate bicycle transportation by developing a system of bikeways. The City’s general plan for development, drawn up in 1972, was based on questionnaires distributed to residents. When a survey of residents showed that automobiles represented 50 percent of energy consumption and space heating and cooling accounted for 25 percent, transportation and building construction became important focal points in the Davis plan.
Armed with survey information revealing that a building’s east-west orientation on the lot, as well as its insulation, window area, roof and wall colors, overhang shading, and other factors greatly influenced space heating and cooling needs, the City Council drew up a building construction code which greatly reduced the cost of winter heating and eliminates the need for air conditioning even on Davis’ hottest (114°) day. To demonstrate to local builders and developers methods for complying with the new code, Davis built two model solar homes, a single-family dwelling which takes advantage of natural southern exposure sunlight and a duplex adaptable to difficult siting situationswhere direct sunlight is blocked.Many of Davis’measures simply facilitate natural solar heating or sun-shading. Where most communities require that fences be built close to houses, Davis realized that practice meant blocking winter sunlight. New fences in Davis must be placed closer to the street, giving residents the benefit of natural solar heat in winter. Reducing required street widths provides more shade and saves asphalt to boot.
Davis’ other energy conserving moves run the gamut—from a city ordinance encouraging cottage industry (to cut down on commuting and the need for new office building construction) to planting evergreens on city streets to reduce leaf pickup in the fall, from a ban on non-solar swimming pool heaters to a recycling center that supports itself by selling $3,000 worth of recyclables a month.

Why did Davis build model solar homes instead of just one

A.To show what they could do when they put their minds to it.

B.To show that even the hottest days could be mastered without air conditioning.

C.To demonstrate that even multiple dwelling in difficult locations could be solar powered.

D.To indicate that other cities were inadequate to the job.