问题 问答题 简答题

试述急性胰腺炎的治疗原则。

答案

参考答案:

(1)非手术疗法:适用于轻型胰腺炎及尚无感染者。①禁食和胃肠减压;②静脉输液,维持水、电解质平衡和补充热量;③应用抗生素;④中药治疗;⑤静脉点滴抑肽酶或氟尿嘧啶抑制胰酶分泌。⑥营养支持,可用肠外营养TPN。

(2)手术治疗:适于重症胰腺炎。胰腺感染合并胆道疾病。①切开胰腺被膜以及周围的后腹膜,清除胰腺及周围坏死组织,必要时可行胰部分切除。②充分引流,放置多条引流管,用于引流和灌洗。③其他处理:包括术中注意胆道病变处理,如取出结石或胆道蛔虫等;置"T"管作胆总管引流,必要时作胃造口以便术后作胃减压;行空肠造口以便输入营养要素。

阅读理解

阅读理解

     This is not a diet. It's a simple way to lose weight. And you don't even have to give up the food you love or join

a gym. You just follow some habits that thin people have. Keep them, and you'll become thin.

     (1) Wake-up

     When you wake up in the morning, sit up slowly without using your hands. With legs straight out, bend forward

until you feel sore in your back. It will burn about 10 calories (卡路里).

     (2) Start with soup

     When you have a meal, order a clear soup, and have it before having the main food. In this way, you'll feel fuller,

so you'll eat less when the main food comes.

     (3) An apple (or more) a day

     Apples are full of fiber (纤维) and water, so your stomach will want less. The study shows that people who eat at

least three apples a day lose weight.

     (4) Stand up and walk around

     Every time you use the mobile phone, stand up and walk around. Heavy people sit on average two and a half hours

more each day than thin people. This skill is very important as standing up and walking around will burn 50 or more

calories.

     Use these skills, and you will have a big weight loss.

1. What should we have first if we want to eat less main food?

A. Soup.

B. Ice cream.

C. Salad.

D. Cheese.

2. Why does eating apples make one's stomach want less food?

A. Because apples are delicious.

B. Because apples are full of fiber and water.

C. Because apples are sour.

D. Because only apples are filled with calories.

3. Which of the following may the writer disagree?

A. Sitting up slowly without using your hands helps burn calories.

B. Eating apples every day is good for people's health.

C. You have to join a gym if you want to lose weight.

D. It's good to walk around while talking on the mobile phone.

4. What's the purpose of the passage?

A. To give some advice on how to lose weight.

B. To advise people to eat apples every day.

C. To tell people how to enjoy a better life.

D. To advise people to give up bad habits.

5. In which part of a newspaper would you most probably read the passage?

A. Shopping.

B. Teaching

C. Family

D. Health

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