Forget chip fat, sugar cane or rapeseed oil — the latest source of biofuel could be watermelons. Scientists have discovered that the fruit is a great source of sugar that can be readily distilled (蒸馏) into alcohol to power cars and farm machinery.
And sellers reject 360,000 tons of “substandard” fruit every year in America alone which could be used as an economical way to make fuel. The waste from US growers could produce nearly two million gallons (nine million litres) of biofuel per year.
In the study, researchers at the United States Department of Agriculture set out to determine the biofuel potential of juice from rejected watermelons —those not sold due to cosmetic imperfections, and currently ploughed back into the field. About a fifth of each yearly watermelon crop is left in the field because of surface blemishes (瑕疵) or because they are misshapen.
Dr. Wayne Fish, who led the team, found that 50 percent of the fruit was fermentable (可发酵的) into alcohol which could provide valuable fuel.
“We’ve shown that the juice of these watermelons is a source of readily fermentable sugars, representing an unexploited raw material for alcohol biofuel production,” he said.
The study, published in the journal Biotechnology for Biofuels, discovered that watermelons could produce around 20 gallons of fuel per acre from fruit that otherwise would go to waste.
Production of biofuels has been targeted by Western governments as a way to support renewable energy targets.
The European Union has a target for 2010 that 5.75 percent of transport fuels should come from biological sources, but the target is unlikely to be met.
The British government’s Renewable Transport Fuel Obligation requires five percent of the fuel sold at the pump by 2010 to be biofuel.
小题1:The passage mainly tells us ______.
A．watermelon juice will be the largest source of renewable energy
B．the advantages of fuel made from watermelons
C．Western countries aim at producing biofuels
D．watermelons could be used to make fuel小题2: It can be learned from the text that ______.
A．about two gallons of fuel could be made from rejected fruit per acre
B．sellers in the world throw away 360,000 tons of watermelons every year
C．half of the watermelons were fermentable into alcohol to provide energy
D．five percent of fuel is required to be biofuel from watermelons by 2010 in Britain小题3:The underlined word “cosmetic” in Paragraph 3 probably means ______.
A．fresh
B．sweet
C．surface
D．inside小题4:We can infer from the passage that ______.
A．it will cost a lot to make biofuel from watermelons
B．Western countries are engaged in biofuel study but still have a long way to go
C．watermelon juice has been used as a source of sugars to produce alcohol biofuel
D．the European Union is likely to meet its target of transport fuels from biological sources
