问题 问答题 简答题

急选报和天变邸钞是一种什么性质的新闻传播媒体?

答案

参考答案:

《天变邸》是一份专门报道发生在北京的一次特大灾异事件的报纸。天变就是指发生在北京内城西南,以王恭厂火药库附近一带为中心,波及到周围近百里地区的特大灾异事件。报道这次事件的邸报,当时曾在社会上广泛流传,不少京内外人士都是通过阅读这份报纸才了解到这次事件的详细情况。

这段文字对于这次事件所谓的“天变”的面上做了概括性的描述,有些像一般的新闻导语。写作有些类似今天常用的“倒金字塔”写法。

这篇报道涉及的时间跨度近一个月,可见编写者在编写前,曾经做了大量的采访和情况汇集方面的工作,下了番功夫。

《天变邸钞》关于北京这次灾异事件的报道,并非官方发布,而是抄报人自己编写的。从这点看,它出于官方的提塘报房的可能性比较小,出于民间报房的可能性比较大。它属于临时发刊、大量复印出售、广为传播的那一类民间报房出版的报纸。

急选报是保存至今的唯一一份明代报纸的原件。纸张和印刷的质量都不高,说明是为了抢时间草草印出来的。

这份《急选报》没有注明出版单位和编辑发行人的姓名,但估计很可能是民间报房的产物。是民间报房所出的“邸报”之外的众多“报儿”中的一种。有可能单独发行,也有可能作为附件随“邸报”一并发行,它的被发现,说明中国至晚在万历八年就已经有了民办的雕版印刷的报纸了。

单项选择题
单项选择题


Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one.
Passage One

American consumers like convenience very much. During the last 50 years, there has been a dramatic increase in such labor-saving devices as automatic washing machines, clothes dryers, dishwashers, food processors, microwave ovens, garbage disposals and power lawn mowers. Today, all of these and many more, are found in a typical suburban home. These labor-saving devices are designed to reduce the time spent on housework. However, the time that Americans save is quickly spent on other activities.
The American desire for convenience also created the concept of fast-food restaurants, found in every city and almost every small town in the United States, and now exported all over the world. These fast-food restaurants, such as McDonald’s and KFC, serve sandwiches, salads, fried chicken, seafood, and other food to hurried customers in five minutes or less, often at a drive-up window. There are also a wide variety of restaurants that will deliver Chinese food, pizza, and other dishes to people’s homes in about a half-hour. In many areas there are "take-out taxis" that will deliver food from the menus of 20 or 30 different restaurants for a small charge. For those who prefer to prepare their food at home, American grocery stores are full of convenience foods that are packaged and ready to cook or even precooked.
Like microwave ovens and dishwashers, fast-food and take-out restaurants are convenient because they save the American consumer time that would otherwise be spent fixing meals or cleaning up. More than half of all the women in the United States are currently employed. This includes mothers with children under the age of 18. More than half the women with little children under the age of six hold jobs. Sixty-eight percent of the women who have school-age children are employed. Families with working mothers need all the time-savers they can get.
Thus, the conveniences that Americans desire reflect not so much a leisurely lifestyle as a busy lifestyle in which even minutes of time are too valuable to be wasted. Alexis de Tocqueville was one of the first to see in this a curious paradox (自相矛盾) in the American character. He observed that Americans were so busy working to acquire comforts and conveniences that they were unable to relax and to enjoy leisure time when they had it. Today, many Americans have what one medical doctor has called "the hurry sickness".

It is implied in the passage that ______.

A.fast food is not as nutritious as home-cooked food

B.fast food restaurants are more popular than take-out restaurants in the U. S.

C.most of the cooking at home is done by women

D.more men than women prefer eating convenient food