问题 单项选择题

某公司欲建办公楼,楼址选在一幢居民楼的前面。但该居民楼的居民认为规划图中办公楼与居民楼之间距离太近,而且办公楼高达14层,建成后势必影响居民楼内几十户居民正常的通风与采光,遂要求有关部门不要批准公司的建筑申请,并要求该公司另择楼址或调整现有的规划图。但有关部门认为办公楼与居民楼之间的距离符合相关标准,于是批准了该公司的申请,向其颁发了相关许可证。
请分析案例,回答下列问题:

以下关于居民是否享有行政诉讼原告资格的表述,正确的是( )。

A.不享有,批准行为不是针对居民,他们不是具体行政行为的相对人

B.不享有,批准行为与居民之间并不具有利害关系,对居民相邻权造成损害的是该公司的建楼行为,居民应该以该公司为被告提起民事诉讼

C.不享有,尽管居民处于相关人地位,但是批准行为还没有对他们的相邻权造成损害,因此批准行为与居民之间不具有利害关系

D.享有,作为相关人,批准行为已经侵犯了居民的相邻权,尽管这种损害在楼建成后才发生,但是这种损害的发生是必然的

答案

参考答案:D

解析: 本题所考查的考点是行政案件的受案范围。《行政诉讼法》第11条规定:人民法院受理公民、法人和其他组织对下列具体行政行为不服提起的诉讼:(1)对拘留、罚款、吊销许可证和执照、责令停产停业、没收财物等行政处罚不服的;(2)对限制人身自由或者对财产的查封、扣押、冻结等行政强制措施不服的;(3)认为行政机关侵犯法律规定的经营自主权的;(4)认为符合法定条件申请行政机关颁发许可证和执照,行政机关拒绝颁发或者不予答复的; (5)申请行政机关履行保护人身权、财产权的法定职责,行政机关拒绝履行或者不予答复的;(6)认为行政机关没有依法发给抚恤金的;(7)认为行政机关违法要求履行义务的;(8)认为行政机关侵犯其他人身权、财产权的。除前款规定外,人民法院受理法律、法规规定可以提起诉讼的其他行政案件。第12条规定:人民法院不受理公民、法人或者其他组织对下列事项提起的诉讼:(1)国防、外交等国家行为;(2)行政法规、规章或者行政机关制定、发布的具有普遍约束力的决定、命令; (3)行政机关对行政机关工作人员的奖惩、任免等决定;(4)法律规定由行政机关最终裁决的具体行政行为。《最高人民法院关于执行<中华人民共和国行政诉讼法>若干问题的解释》第1条规定:公民、法人或者其他组织对具有国家行政职权的机关和组织及其工作人员的行政行为不服,依法提起诉讼的,属于人民法院行政诉讼的受案范围。公民、法人或者其他组织对下列行为不服提起诉讼的,不属于人民法院行政诉讼的受案范围:(1)行政诉讼法第12条规定的行为;(2)公安、国家安全等机关依照刑事诉讼法的明确授权实施的行为;(3)调解行为以及法律规定的仲裁行为;(4)不具有强制力的行政指导行为;(5)驳回当事人对行政行为提起申诉的重复处理行为;(6)对公民、法人或者其他组织权利义务不产生实际影响的行为。正确答案是D。

阅读理解

     Friends play an important part in our lives, and although we may take the fact of friendship for

granted, we often don't clearly understand how we make friends. While we get on well with a number

of people, __1__

     Moreover, a great many relationships come under the general term "friendship". In all cases, two

people like one another and enjoy being together, but beyond that, the degree of closeness between

them and the reasons for their interest in each other change greatly.

     At the beginning, much depends on how people meet, and on good first impressions. As we get to

know people, __2__Although these factors are not of the greatest importance, it is more difficult to

have a good relationship with people when there is a big difference in age and background.

     Then, __3__Friends will stand closer together and will spend more time looking at each other than

ordinary friends. Smiles and soft voices also express friendliness, and it is because they may give the

wrong signals that shy people often have difficulty making friends. A friendly look with a wrong facial

expression can turn into an unfriendly stare, and nervousness may be wrongly understood as

unfriendliness.

     Some relationships are a result of argument and discussion, but it is usual for close friends to have

the same ideas and beliefs, the same opinion and interests. The more closely involved people become,

the more they depend on each other. And __4__ Equally, friends have to learn to make allowances for

each other, to put up with annoying habits, and to accept differences in opinion.

     In contrast with marriage, __5__But the support and understanding that results from shared

experiences and affections does seem to create a close and lasting relationship.

A. we are usually friends with only a few.

B. many factors can affect friendship and relationship.

C. people want to do friends favors and hate to let them down.

D. argument and discussion can improve personal relationships.

E. we consider things like age, race, looks, economic and social status, etc.

F. we pay attention to actual behavior, facial expression, and the way a person speaks.

G. there are no friendship ceremonies to strengthen the relationship between two people.

判断题