试比较参与观察与非参与观察的优缺点。
参考答案：
(1) 参与观察是指观察者参与到被观察者的活动或团体之内进行观察。 参与观察的优点是：受前人的影响较小。能够获得关于研究对象的最丰富、最真实的资料。 参与观察的缺点：在很大程度上依赖于观察者的敏感性、领悟能力和技巧。观察者的出现对被观察者有一定的影响。参与观察的信度较低。
(2) 非参与观察是指观察者置身于被观察活动或团体之外，以局外人的身份对研究对象进行观察。 非参与观察的优点：非参与观察克服了参与观察中观察者的参与对被观察者的干扰作用，研究结果比较客观、真实。 非参与观察的缺点：对研究对象的活动缺乏有效的参与，只能获取表面的资料，不能获取关于研究对象的丰富的、深层次的资料。
Parties held by the wealthy seldom welcome poor guests.But last week China made it through the doors into a gathering of the world’s richest countries. Jin Renqing ,Chian’s finance minister,and Zhou Xiaochuan,governor of the People’s Bank of China,joined a meeting of the Group of Seven(G7)on October1,2004.It is the fist time that China has had direct talks with the club.It was a good chance to share the world powers’thoughts about critical economic issues and promote understanding. China’a participation is a natural part of its increasingly important role in the global economy.China is the world ‘s factory and the biggest market. America and China made up almost half of global economic growth last year.“If Anerican consumers and Chinese producers were to reduce their activities at the same time,global growth would drop greatly,”said the Economist,a leading British economics magazine. Up to now chinese economic stability(稳定)has been closely related to world development.“The increasingly connected global economy means that China should be a part of the meeting.”said Stephen Roach,a world famous economist. During the meeting,China represented (代表)developing countries.It callde on the world’s developed nations to increase their spending on aid to poorer countries.Jin said that overall official help from developed countries is only 0.23 per cent of their Gross Domestic Product(国内生产值),much lower than the 0.7per cent UN targert.And this should be changed. 小题1:According to the passage,China particpates in the meeting of G7 because______.
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