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氮是地球上含量丰富的一种元素，氮及其化合物在工农业生产、生活中有着重要作用．请回答下列问题：

（1）如图是N2和H2反应生成2molNH3过程中能量变化示意图，请计算每生成1molNH3放出热量为______．

（2）工业合成氨气需要的反应条件非常高且产量低，而一些科学家采用高质子导电性的SCY陶瓷（能传递HH+）实现氨的电化学合成，从而大大提高了氮气和氢气的转化率．电化学合成氨过程的总反应式为：N2+3H2

         通电         
.
(一定条件)
2NH3，则在电化学合成氨的过程中，阴极反应式为______．

（3）在固定体积的密闭容器中，进行如下化学反应：N2（g）+3H2（g）

2NH3（g），△H＜0，其化学平衡常数K与t的关系如下表：（已知K=

C(N2)•[C (H2) ]3
[C (NH3)]2
，C（N2）、C（H2）、C（NH3）分别为平衡浓度）

t/K298398498…
K/（mol•L-1）-24.1×106K1K2…
请完成下列问题：

①试确定K1的相对大小，K1______4.1×106（填写“＞”“=”或“＜”）

②下列各项能作为判断该反应达到化学平衡状态的依据的是______（填序号字母）．

A．容器内N2、H2、NH3的浓度之比为1：3：2     B．2v（N2）（正）=v（H2）（逆）

C．容器内压强保持不变                       D．混合气体的密度保持不变

（4）①NH4Cl溶液呈酸性，这是由于NH4+水解的缘故．则NH4Cl溶于重水（D2O）生成一水合氨和水合氢离子的化学式是______．

②某氨水的pH=x，某盐酸的pH=y，x+y=14，且x＞11，将上述氨水和盐酸等体积混合后，所得溶液中各种离子的浓度由大到小的顺序为______

A．C（Cl-）＞C（NH4+）＞C（H+）＞C（OH-）

B．C（NH4+）＞C（Cl-）＞C（OH-）＞C（H+）

C．C（Cl-）＞C（NH4+）＞C（OH-）＞C（H+）

D．C（NH4+）＞C（Cl-）＞C（H+）＞C（OH-）

答案

（1）该反应的焓变△H=E1-E2=335KJ/mol-427.2KJ/mol=-92.2KJ/mol，所以每生成1molNH3放出热量为46.1kJ．故答案为：46.1kJ；

（2）阴极上N2得到电子，形成阴离子，阴离子再与质子结合，阴极反应式为N2+6H++6e-=2NH3；

故答案为：N2+6H++6e-=2NH3；

（3）①该反应正反应是放热反应，升高温度，平衡向逆反应方向移动，生成物浓度减小，反应物浓度增大，所以K减小，

故答案为：＜；

②A、容器内各物质的浓度之比等于计量数之比，不能证明正逆反应速率相等，故A错误；

B、不同物质的正逆反应速率之比等于其计量数之比是平衡状态，故B错误．

C、容器内压强不变，气体的物质的量不变，该反应达平衡状态，故C正确；

D、如果是在密闭容器中反应，质量不变，体积不变，密度始终不变，故D错误．

故选：C．        

（4）①盐NH4Cl在水溶液中电离出的NH4+结合重水（D2O）电离出的OD-，生成NH3•HDO，而由重水（D2O）电离出的D+与重水（D2O）结合生成D3O+，故答案为：NH3•HDO和D3O+；

②NH3•H2O是弱电解质，HCl是强电解质，x+y=14，混合液氨水过量，PH＞7，溶液中的溶质为NH3•H2O，NH4Cl，

所以c（NH4+）＞c（Cl-）＞c（OH-）＞c（H+），故选：B．

阅读理解
六选五
A. Extremely poor living conditions
B. The foundation of The Hope Project
C. The first Hope Project school in China
D. Efforts to improve educational environment
E. Low enrollment rate for schoolage children
F. Economic development affected by education
1. _____
     May 19,1991 was a red letter day for the people of Nanxi Town,Jinzhai County,in the Dabie Mountain
area of Anhui Province.On that day the town people cut the ribbon at the inauguration (落成典礼) of a
primary school,the first in China set up with money raised in a national campaign for educational
development.They were happy to see their children,who had been deprived (剥夺) of an education because of poverty,entering school.
2. _____
      The Dabie Mountain range lies at the juncture of Hubei,Henan and Anhui provinces.Jinzhai County,
located in the highest section of the mountain range,has within its boundaries more than 100 peaks each
exceeding 1,000 meters in height.Due to the unfavorable natural conditions,some people in the county are
unable to feed and clothe themselves adequately no matter how hard they work throughout the year.About 1,500 children have dropped out of school because their parents are unable to pay the fees for them.
3. _____
     Huangpin,a povertystricken village situated in the a cold area 750 metres above sea level,is typical of the county.Among the villages are 224 children between the ages of 7 and 15.There are 80 children who are
unable to go to school because of economic problems.Some pupils have to cut firewood after school to
support themselves.Some leave school to look after cattle and pigs because they cannot afford the 20 yuan necessary for buying books.
4. _____
      The county's leaders have long realized that it is very difficult for county in which 36% of the people are
illiterate (文盲) to free itself of poverty.In order to change this situation,they have spent 1/3 of the county's
tax income on education "I'm daydaytest Placeholder" for several years' running.In order to enroll (招收) more children,teachers from some schools have climbed hills to encourage people to send their children to school.Some teachers have even paid their students' fees from their own pockets,although their salaries
are very low.
5. _____
     According to statistics (统计数据) in China,more than one million schoolage children are unable to go to school because of economic problems.In October 1989,the China Foundation for the Development of
Children and Youth appealed to the country and  the world to raise money for the education of children in
povertystricken areas.Since children are the future of the country,this project is called "The Hope Project"．
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单项选择题

侵权与违约竞合的期货纠纷案件，依（）确定管辖。

A．期货公司住所地

B．当事人选择的诉由

C．被侵权人住所地

D．违约人住所地
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