问题 论述题

(23分)阅读材料,回答问题。

材料一 应对全球气候问题,要走低碳经济的发展模式。对我国而言,跨越资源、能源瓶颈约束是主要难题,总体技术水平落后是我国发展低碳经济的严重阻碍。中国必须从实际出发发展低碳经济,比如说提高能源利用效率,化石能源低碳化,大力发展可再生能源;制定国家低碳经济发展战略;增强自主创新能力,开发低碳技术、低碳产品……

材料二 实干不等于盲干和蛮干。“劈柴不照纹累死劈柴人”。当前的生态环境问题日益严峻,人类为了眼前的利益破坏地利用自然,乱砍乱伐导致森林破坏,水土流失;过渡耕种放牧导致土地沙化,沙尘肆虐;过度消费加剧空气污染,随着空气质量的恶化,阴霾天气现象出现增多,危害加重,霾在吸入人的呼吸道后对人体有害,严重会致死。

(1)结合材料一,谈谈我国走低碳化道路应如何坚持做到一切从实际出发?(12分)

(2)运用意识的能动作用和客观规律的知识,分析材料所体现的道理。(11分)

答案

(1)①一切从实际出发,实事求是是要尊重物质运动的客观规律,从客观存在的事物出发。走低碳道路,必须结合我国的国情和发展阶段。(3分)②要求我们充分发挥主观能动性,以求真务实的精神探求事物的本质和规律,在实践中检验和发展真理。发展低碳经济要提高能源利用效率、增强自主创靳能力等,都需要充分发挥主观能动性。(3分)③要求我们把发挥主观能动性和尊重客观规律结合起来.走低碳化道路,一方面要尊重经济发展、低碳经济发展的规律,另一方面也要充分发挥主观能动性(3分)

④一切从实际出发、实事求是地走低碳化道路,要反对照搬别国棋式的唯意志志主义,也要反对片面强调客观条件,无所作为的思想和做法(3分)

(2)①人的意识能动作用,能够能动地认识世界和改造世界,但只有正确的意识反作用于客观事物,才能推动事物的发展,当前的生态环境问题体现了人类的某些错误思想。(4分)

②规律具有普遍性和客观性,不以人的意志为转移,我们应尊重规律,按客观规律办事,否则就会受到规律的惩罚,当前生态环境问题出现的重要原因是人们没有尊重规律的结果。(4分)

③尊重客观规律和发挥主观能动性要统一起来,人们只有在尊重规律的基础上发挥主观能动性才能利用规律,改造客观世界 ,为人类造福。(3分)

题目分析:

(1)本题的设问指向是要求学生谈谈我国走低碳化道路应如何坚持做到一切从实际出发的,属于如何做类的解答题。坚持一切从实际出发的要求有四点:一是坚持从客观存在的实际出发;其次是要充分发挥主观能动性,探求事物的本质和规律;三是把发挥主观能动性与尊重规律有机的结合起来,把高度的革命热情与严谨踏实的工作态度有机的结合起来;四是要反对两种错误倾向。考生在分析时本题时,要牢牢扣住教材关于坚持一切从实际出发的几点要求,然后对应材料进行分析即可。

(2)本题属于体现类的解答题。考生在回答时,要注意本题的知识的限定是运用意识的能动作用和客观规律的知识。当前的生态环境问题日益严峻,这是人类为了眼前的利益破坏地利用自然造成的后果,这体现了意识对改造世界具有能动的反作用;同时这也体现了规律是客观的,这要求按规律办事,否则违背规律就要受到惩罚;最后上述材料中人们对自然环境破坏的原因的认识也体现了人类能够认识和利用规律,因此要把发挥主观能动性与尊重规律有机的结合起来。

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     Howard Dill is a giant among giant pumpkin growers. He grew world champion pumpkins

for four years running,from 1979 to 1982,and missed winning the fifth year by a mere 5 pounds.

Today,his Dill Atlantic Giant seeds are sold worldwide to more than 50 seed companies. The

pumpkins grown from his Dill Atlantic Giant seeds commonly weigh in at over 1,000 pounds.

"I don't have any training in genetics (遗传学);it was all trial and error,"Dill says. He inherited

his love of pumpkins from his father and has enjoyed growing them for years.

     Dill still grows giant pumpkins, but not for competition. In the fall, visitors come to enjoy the

pumpkin patch on his 90-acre farm in Nova Scotia,Canada. He plants ten acres of pumpkins for

Halloween and two acres of giant pumpkins. One of giant pumpkins was recently baked into 442

pumpkin pies and sold at $ 5 each for charity.

     It you want to try growing a giant pumpkin, Dill recommends starting with a soil test and then

adding fertilizer as needed. Plant the giant pumpkin seed. A giant pumpkin can gain 15 to 20 pounds

a day, so careful watering-every day or two-is essential. You should wait about 130 days until the

pumpkin matures and then you can harvest it.

     Dill's favorite pumpkin set the Guinness Book record in 1981. It weighted 493.5 pounds. "I've

grown them larger since, but that one meant a lot, "he remembers. "I never would have predicted

ten years ago that there would be a 1,000-pounder,but there are many of them now,"says Dill.The

2006 world record holder is Larry Checkon of Pennsylvania. He grew a 1,469 pounder. Dill says,

"These world champions are grown from my seeds, so I feel like a winner right along with them."

1. What can we learn about the world champion pumpkin of 1983?

A. It weighed over 1,000 pounds.

B. It was missing after the competition.

C. It was 5 pounds heavier than that of 1982.

D. It was 5 pounds heavier than Dill's biggest one that year.

2. One of Dill's giant pumpkins earned         .

A. $2210

B. $442

C. $1000

D.$1469

3. In the third paragraph Dill mainly tells about         .

A. how to do a soil test

B. how to plant the giant pumpkin seed

C. when to water the pumpkin

D. how to grow a giant pumpkin

4. Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A. Howard Dill is well trained in genetics.

B. Howard Dill grows pumpkins just for competition.

C. Dill felt proud of Larry Checkon's champion pumpkin.

D. Dill's favorite pumpkin is the heaviest of all those he has ever grown.

5. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A. Gardening Giant: Howard Dill

B. World Champion Pumpkin

C. Dill Atlantic Giant Seeds

D. How to Grow Giant Pumpkins

单项选择题