问题 问答题

肾结核的手术治疗方法及适应证。

答案

参考答案:答:①肾结核病灶清除术,适用于与肾盂不相通的肾结核空洞病灶,抗结核3~6个月无效者,可作手术清除结核病变组织;②肾部分切除术,适用于与肾盂相通但局限在肾脏的一极的结核病灶,经抗结核3~6个月后,可作肾部分切除术。由于近年来抗结核药物的疗效明显提高,以上两种手术已很少采用;③肾切除术,一侧肾脏广泛破坏,对侧肾功能正常者,可切除病肾。双肾结核应先积极抗结核治疗后切除严重的无功能肾。一侧肾已无功能,对侧肾已严重积水,而肾功能代偿尚好者,可先切除无功能肾,再设法解除引起肾积水的梗阻病因。

判断题
阅读理解

Early one morning the sub-inspector at a station at the other end of the town rang me. An elephant was damaging the town. Would I please come and do something about it? I did not know what I could do, but I got onto a horse and started out. I took my gun, maybe too small to kill an elephant, but I thought the noise might scare him. Various local people stopped me on the way and told me about the elephant's doings. It was not, of course, a wild elephant, but a tame one. It had been chained up but last night it had broken its chain and escaped. Its owner had set out to run after it, but had taken the wrong direction. He was now twelve hours' journey away, and in the morning the elephant had suddenly appeared in the town. It had already destroyed somebody's bamboo hut (棚屋), killed a cow and turned over fruit¬stalls. I came round the hut and saw a man's dead body sprawling in the mud. He was an Indian, and he could not have been dead many minutes. The people said that the elephant caught him with its trunk, put its foot on his back and   grounded him into the earth. This was the rainy season and he was lying on his stomach in the soft mud, the peacebreaker standing beside, looking innocent. As I lifted my gun, I hesitated a few seconds. Then I fired. That was a shot for him. You could see the pain of it knocking the last strength from his legs. But in falling he seemed for a moment to rise, his trunk reaching skyward like a tree. He trumpeted, for the first and only time. And then down he came, with a crash that shook the ground.

小题1:Which of the following statements about the author is TRUE?

A.He was an Indian.

B.He knew elephants well.

C.He was not a local villager.

D.He was the owner of the elephant.小题2:The elephant made so much trouble because ________.

A.its owner treated him cruelly

B.it got out of control

C.it hated the village people

D.it was a wild elephant小题3:The underlined words “the peacebreaker” in Paragraph 4 refer to ________.

A.the elephant

B.the dead man

C.the author

D.the sub¬inspector小题4:It can be inferred that the author felt ________ when he shot the elephant.

A.excited

B.sad

C.frightened

D.happy