问题 问答题 简答题

简述汇率变化与对外贸易、物价和资本流动的关系。

答案

参考答案:

简述汇率变化与对外贸易、物价和资本流动的关系:

(1)汇率与外贸进出口,一般而言,本币汇率下降可以起到抑制进口、刺激出口的作用,有助于改善贸易状况。反之,则不利于贸易平衡。

(2)汇率于物价,本币汇率下降有可能引起国内进口消费品和原材料价格的上涨,如果进口消费品和原材料在本国经济发展中所占比重较大,可能会对其他商品的价格上涨起到拉动作用。反之,本币汇率上升,有助于抑制国内物价上涨。

(3)汇率与资本流动。汇率变动对长期资本流动的影响较小,因为长期资本主要以利润和风险为转移。汇率变化对短期资本流动的影响较大,本币汇率下降可能引起短期资本外流,从而进一步加剧本币汇率的下跌。 

阅读理解

Last summer I went through a training program and became a literacy volunteer (扫盲志愿者). The training I received, though excellent, didn't tell me how it was to work with a real student, however. When I began to discover what other people’s lives were like because they could not read, I realized the true importance of reading.

My first student Marie was a 44-year-old single mother of three children. In the first lesson, I found out she walked two miles to the nearest supermarket twice a week because she didn't know which bus to take. When I told her I would get her a bus schedule, she told me it would not help because she couldn't read it. She said she also had difficulty once she got to the supermarket because she couldn't always remember what she needed. Also, she could only recognize items by sight, so if the product had a different label, she would not recognize it as the product she wanted.

As we worked together, learning how to read built Marie’s self-confidence. She began to make rapid progress and was even able to take the bus to the supermarket. After this successful trip, she reported how self-confident she felt. At the end of the program, she began helping her youngest son, Tony, a shy first grader, with his reading. I found that helping Marie to build her self-confidence was more rewarding than anything I had ever done before.

As a literacy volunteer, I learned a great deal about teaching and helping others. In fact, I may have learned more from the experience than Marie did.

小题1:What did the writer do last summer?

A.She worked in the supermarket.

B.She helped someone to learn to read.

C.She helped some single mothers.

D.She was trained by a literacy volunteer.小题2: Why didn't Marie go to the supermarket by bus at first?

A.Because she liked to walk to the supermarket.

B.Because she didn't have a bus schedule.

C.Because she couldn't afford the bus ticket.

D.Because she couldn't find the right bus.小题3:How did Marie use to find the goods she wanted in the supermarket?

A.She knew where the goods were in the supermarket.

B.She asked others to take her to the right place.

C.She managed to find the goods by their looks.

D.She remembered the names of the goods.小题4:Which of the statements is TRUE about Marie?

A.She could do many things she had not been able to before.

B.She was able to read stories with the help of her son.

C.She decided to continue her studies in school.

D.She helped to build up my self-confidence.

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