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试述如何诊断和治疗沙眼。

答案

参考答案:沙眼的诊断和治疗如下:(1)诊断:早期沙眼诊断较困难,当上宫隆附近结膜出现充血及少量 * * 增生或滤泡形成,而又排除了其他结膜炎者,可诊断为沙眼。按照中华医学会眼科学会(1979年)决定,沙眼诊断依据为:①上穹窿部和上睑结膜血管模糊充血, * * 增生或滤泡形成,或两者兼有,②用放大镜或裂隙灯检查可见角膜血管翳;③上穹窿或(和)上睑结膜出现瘢痕;④结膜刮片有沙眼包涵体。在第一项基础上,兼有其他三项之一者可诊断为沙眼。(2)治疗:对沙眼的治疗主要采用局部点眼药治疗,4~6次/d,持续2个月以上为好。常用眼药有10%~30%磺胺醋酰钠、0.25%氯霉素、0.1%利福平、0.1%酞丁胺等。对于重症病人可合并全身用药,如口服磺胺类药、多西环素等。对沙眼的后遗症及并发症,多需手术治疗。

阅读理解

Vegetable gardening is the relaxing art and science of turning a love for growing plants into a worthwhile activity.

Vegetable gardeners agree that many home-grown vegetables picked at their best are superior to those vegetables purchased from markets. From spring through late fall, a well-planned and well-kept garden can prove a supply of fresh vegetables, thus increasing the nutrition of the family diet. Freezers make it possible to keep some of the vegetables to be enjoyed at a later date. Other vegetables can be stored for a few months in a cool area.

Having vegetables in the backyard makes home gardening appealing(吸收人的) for many people. In addition, vegetable gardening provides exercise and fun for both urban and suburban families.

Although the money spent for a garden may be little, one cannot escape the fact that gardening requires hard work and time. Many of the gardening tasks must be performed at times that are most inconvenient. Not doing jobs that should be done on a regular basis may result in failure and a negative feeling toward gardening.

One should not plant a garden that is too large for him to care for. A small, well-kept garden is more enjoyable and profitable than a large neglected one. Vegetables do well in full sunlight and need at least five or six hours of sun during the middle of the day. Too much shading results in poor plants and few vegetables. If possible, the garden should be near the house so the gardener can work in it at odd moments.

Soils for vegetables should be easily broken up and porous(能渗透的) for quick water drainage and good aeration(透气). A deep, fine, sandy good quality soil is best.

Usually the hoe owner has little choice in the soil type he can choose. Fortunately, many vegetables can be grown on poor soils if the soils are properly prepared.

小题1:Home-grown vegetables ___________.

A.can remain standing for a long time and need not be picked immediately.

B.have to be eaten as soon as they are picked

C.sell well in the market because of their good quality

D.picked at the right moment are more nutritious than those bought from the market.小题2:Vegetables gardening is appealing for many people because ___________.

A.it requires little money

B.it is enjoyable and profitable

C.they can work in the vegetable garden at odd moments

D.it provides vegetables for the family all the year round.小题3:The author suggests that an ideal vegetable garden ___________.

A.should be sunny

B.should be within walking distance

C.should be large-sized

D.should consist of sandy soil小题4:Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?

A.Vegetable Gardening, an Escape from Boredom

B.An Ideal Vegetable Garden

C.Vegetable Gardening, a Worthwhile Activity

D.The Best Soil for Growing Vegetables

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