问题 问答题

背景 

某施工单位承包了一矿井的运输石门施工任务,该石门所穿过的岩层主要为泥岩和煤层,岩层遇水后易膨胀,稳定性较差,岩层倾角为20°。石门设计采用锚喷网支护,临时支护为打锚杆,必要时喷混凝土,支护紧跟工作面。 

该施工队为加快进度,在未经建设单位同意的情况下,将工作面锚杆临时支护改为矿用工字钢支架支撑,锚喷永久支护在工作面后方20m处一次完成。施工中,该施工队在工作面无涌水时,进度正常;在部分围岩稳定地段,施工单位掘进队队长在放炮通风后直接安排凿岩工进行打眼,以节约循环时间,加快施工进度;在通过一个小断层时,由于有水的影响,工作面发生了冒顶事故,所架设的12m临时支护全部倾倒,造成2人重伤、5人轻伤,部分设备损坏,影响工期20天,直接经济损失80万元。

该石门巷道的施工应采取哪些安全措施?

答案

参考答案:

解析: 放炮后首先应进行“敲帮问顶”;检查危石,同时实施临时支护;当围岩稳定性较差时,应采用超前支护和加强支护,保证工作面的临时支护强度;如果工作面涌水会对围岩稳定性产生影响,可采取相应的措施,如注浆封水、超前导水或引水等方法;对已架设的支架要进行稳定性处理,防止倾覆。

解析:

解析: 放炮后首先应进行“敲帮问顶”;检查危石,同时实施临时支护;当围岩稳定性较差时,应采用超前支护和加强支护,保证工作面的临时支护强度;如果工作面涌水会对围岩稳定性产生影响,可采取相应的措施,如注浆封水、超前导水或引水等方法;对已架设的支架要进行稳定性处理,防止倾覆。

阅读理解
根据短文内容,完成文后任务。注意:每个空格只填一个单词。
Are people less happy or happier when they get older? If your answer is “happier”, then you are right, based on a study published five years ago. It found that people generally become happier and experience less worry after age fifty. In fact, it found that by the age of eighty-five, people are happier with their life than they were at eighteen.
The findings came from a Gallup survey of more than three hundred and forty thousand adults in the United States in 2008. At that time, the people were between the ages of eighteen and eighty-five.
Arthur Stone in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science at Stony Brook University in New York led the study. His team found that levels of stress were the highest among adults between the ages of twenty-two and twenty-five. Stress levels dropped sharply after people reached their fifties.
Levels of happiness were the highest among the kids and those in their early seventies.
The survey also found that men and women have similar emotional patterns as they grow older. However, women at all ages reported more sadness, stress and worry than men did.
So why would happiness increase with age? One theory is that, as people get older, they become more thankful for what they have and have better control of their emotions. They also spend less time thinking about bad experiences.
Title: Relationship Between Age and   小题1】          
The elements of the survey
Time: 2008
Place: in the United States
Researcher: Arthur Stone and his 小题2】
Targets: 340,000 adults
The 小题3】of the survey
Generally people become happier and feel小题1:worried after age 50. By the age of 85, people are happier with their life than they were at 18.
Adults between the ages of 22 and 25 have the       小题5】stress.
The kids and those in their early 小题6】feel the happiest.
Men and women have similar emotional patterns as they grow older. However, women feel sadder, more 小题7】and worried than men do.
Conclusion
Happiness 小题8】with age. That’s because people become more thankful for what they have and control their emotions 小题9】as they get older. It also      小题2:them less time to think about bad experiences.
 
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