问题 填空题

(1)氧化还原反应的实质是___________________。

(2)铁跟氯气在点燃条件下发生反应:2Fe+3Cl22FeCl3,其中氯元素的化合价_______(填“升高”或“降低”),被_________(填“氧化”或“还原”,下同);Cl2作_________剂,具有___________性。在该反应中,若消耗了1 mol Fe,则生成_______mol FeCl3

答案

(1)电子的得失或共用电子对的偏移

(2)降低;还原;氧化;氧化;1mol

阅读理解

阅读理解。

    If you have no special plans for your holidays, why not spend your time helping others?

    Don't listen to people who say the young people today often think only of themselves. It's not true at all.

More and more young people in the U.S.A. volunteer (志愿) to spend their school holidays working for others.

And they don't do it for money. Here are some of their stories.

    Alice Hamilton, 17

    I'm going to help the Forest Center build new hiking paths in the mountains. It's going to be terrific

(极好的)-I'll spend the whole summer living in the tent and breathing the clean mountain air. I'm going to

sleep under the stars. It will be a nice sport, and I'll be able to do something good at the same time.

    Jason Moore,18

    This summer, I'm going to volunteer with Special House Program. They build good, low-cost (低成本的)

houses and sell them to families that are not very rich. They'll teach me what to do, so I'll help people and also

have a chance to learn how to build houses.

    Trish Anderson,16

    I'm going to teach kids who have trouble in reading. I'll work for a program called Reading for Life. Every

day, I'm going to help kids choose and read books that they like. I want to be a teacher, and I love children

and reading, so this is going to be a great experience for me.

1. Young people in the U.S.A. volunteer to spend _____ helping others. [ ]

A. school holidays

B. weekdays

C. every morning

D. every afternoon

2. What does Alice volunteer to do in summer? [ ]

A. To sleep under the stars.

B. To breathe the clean mountain air.

C. To spend the whole summer living in the tent.

D. To help build new hiking paths in the mountains.

3. From the passage, we know that Jason Moore _____. [ ]

A. likes reading

B. is 18 years old

C. isn't very rich

D. is good at sport

4. _____ wants to be a teacher. [ ]

A. Alice Hamilton

B. Jason Moore

C. Trish Anderson

D. None of them

5. Which is the most possible title (标题) for this passage? [ ]

A. Reading for Life

B. A Special House Program

C. The Forest Center

D. Young American Volunteers

阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的文字,完成下面问题。

炉 火

臧克家

  金风换成了北风,秋去冬来了。冬天刚刚冒了个头,落了-场初雪,我满庭斗艳争娇的芳菲,顿然失色,鲜红的老来娇,还有各色的傲霜菊花,一夜全白了头。两棵丁香,叶子簌簌辞柯了,像一声声年华消失的感叹。

  每到这个季节,十一月上旬,我生上了炉火,一直到明年四月初,将近半年的时光,我进入静多动少的生活。每到安炉子和撤火的时候,我的心里总有些感触,季候的变迁,情绪的转换,打下了很鲜明、很深刻的印记。

  我的小四合院,每到冬季,至少要安六个炉子,日夜为它奔忙,我的家人总是念咕说:安上暖气多省事呵,又干净。我也总是用我的一套理由做挡箭牌:安暖气花费太大呀,开地道安管子多麻烦呵,几吨煤将放在何处?还得有人夜里起来烧锅炉……,我每年这样搪塞,一直搪塞了二十一年。其实,别的是假的,我中心的一条是:我爱炉火!

  我住北房,三明两暗。左右两间有两个炉子,而当中的会客室,却冷冷清清,娇花多盆,加上两套沙发,余地供回旋的就甚少了。客人来了,大衣也不脱,衣架子成空摆设。到我家做客的朋友们,都说我屋子里的温度太低了。会客室里确是有点清冷,而我的写作间兼寝室却暖和和的。炉子,成为我亲密的朋友,几十年来,它的脾气我是摸透了。它,有时暴烈,有时温柔,它伴我寂寞,给我安慰和喜悦。窗外,北风呼号,雪花乱飘,这时,炉火正红,壶水正沸,恰巧一位风雪故人来,一进门,打打身上的雪花,进入了我的内室,沏上一杯龙井,泡沫喷香,相对倾谈,海阔天空。水壶咝咝作响,也好似参加了我们的叙谈,人间赏心乐事,有胜过如此的吗?

  每晚,我必卧在床上,对着孤灯,夜读至十时,或更迟些。炉火伴我,它以它的体温温暖我,读到会心之处,忽然炉子里砰砰爆了几声,像是为我欢呼。有时失眠了,辗转不能安枕,瞥看炉子里的红光一点,像只炯炯的明眸,我心安了,悠悠然,入了朦胧的境界。

  暖气,当然温暖,也干净,但是呵,它不能给我以光,它缺少性格与一种活力。我要光。我要性格。我要活力。

  我想到七八岁上私塾的时候,冬天,带上个铜“火箱”,里边放上几块烧得通红的条炭,用灰把它半掩住,“火箱”盖上全是蜂窝似的小孔,手摸上暖乎乎的,微微的火光从小孔里透露出来,给人以光辉,它不仅使人触感上感到温暖,而且透过视觉在心灵上感受到一种启示与希望的闪光。

  有这种生活经验的人,会饶有情味地回忆到隆冬深夜,置身在旷山大野中,几个同伴围在篝火旁边取暖的动人的情景。火,以它的巨大热力使人通体舒畅,它的火柱冲天而起,在黑暗中给人一种巨大的鼓舞力量与向前冲击的勇气。在它的猛烈的燃烧中,进出噼噼啪啪的爆炸,不像一声声鼓点吗?

  炉火当然不是铜“火箱”,也不是篝火,可是它们也有相同的性格:它们发热,它们发光,它们也能发出震撼心灵的声响。几十年来我独持异议不安暖气,始终留恋着炉火,原因就在此。1984年11月24日

1.第一自然段,作者写了“秋去冬来”的景色,这样写有什么作用?请简要分析。

 _________________________________________________________

2.文中作者的情感发生了哪些变化?请用三个词语予以概括。

 _________________________________________________________

3.第四、五自然段,作者运用了哪些表现手法写“炉火”?请简要赏析。

 _________________________________________________________

4.文中写了“炉火”,为什么还写“火箱”“篝火”?请分析作者的写作用意。

 _________________________________________________________

5.这篇文章的主旨是不是“怀旧”?为什么?

 _________________________________________________________