问题 单项选择题

人体血管内的血液昼夜奔流不息。然而一旦血管出现小破口,流出的血液便会在短时间内凝固(coagulation),以阻止更多的血液流出。这种神奇的保护机制涉及一大串连锁反应,已知参与其中的物质多达数十种。如同多米诺骨牌一样,参与凝血反应的因子________,层层递进,经过一系列级联和放大效应最终使得纤维蛋白原转化为纤维蛋白,正是由于后者的出现,液态的血液才慢慢转变为胶冻状并不再流动。参与凝血反应的因子多数为蛋白质,它们在肝脏合成、降解和失活,因而肝脏功能的好坏将直接影响人体的凝血功能,肝功能差的患者常常会出现皮下淤血。除此之外,肝脏合成某些凝血因子还少不了一种营养素的帮助——这就是维生素K。维生素K的促凝血作用是在1934年被一位名叫达姆(Henrik Carl Peter Dam)的丹麦科学家发现的。1929年,达姆在一项针对小鸡的实验中注意到了某种异常:当食物中长期缺乏脂类时,小鸡开始有自发出血的现象。达姆采集了 鸡的血液,发现鸡血的凝固时间大大延长了。这说明脂类食物中可能存在未知的促进血液凝固的物质。5年之后,达姆确认麻籽中富含这种止血物质,并将这种物质 命名为“凝血维生素”或维生素K。维生素K参与凝血因子Ⅱ,Ⅶ,Ⅸ,Ⅹ的合成。作为谷氨酸γ羧化反应的辅因子,维生素K能够确保肝脏产生足 够的正常凝血因子,继而保证凝血反应正常进行。天然维生素K(K1和K2)不溶于水,因而需要从富含脂类的食物(如动物肝脏)中摄取。但是正常情况下人体 并不会缺乏维生素K,因为还有部分维生素K(K2)可经肠道细菌合成。维生素K的吸收依赖胆汁,因此当胆汁流动的管道(胆管)被结石或肿瘤阻塞时,患者常 常会发生维生素K缺乏,继而产生凝血障碍。新生儿肠道菌群尚未完全建立,维生素K的合成能力不足,容易缺乏维生素K而产生出血症状。针对上述人群的出血, 补充维生素K会取得很好的止血效果。

文章最后一段提到的“上述人群”不包括( )。

A.新生儿

B.肝病患者

C.胆管结石患者

D.胆管肿瘤患者

答案

参考答案:B

解析:根据就近原则,可知“上述人群”对应前面两句,包括新生儿、胆管结石和胆管肿瘤患者。故正确答案为B。

阅读理解

阅读理解

                                       

       HIGH-JUMPER and punk(朋克) rocker Kimi Qiao, 22, is very confident. In fact, he's something of a big mouth about his talent. "No one will ever forget me," said Qiao.

       The 2007 My Show winner has recently published Private Life, a photo-book. It records everything about the days when he was young.

       As a teenager, he was a keen athlete, training every weekend and holiday. His event (项目) was the high jump and he won a number of national championships. He even shared a coach with Liu Xiang.

       However, Qiao's parents wanted him to concentrate more on his studies and he finally went to a

university in his city. It was during this time he became interested in music. When he was 18, he took part

in a singing contest, where he met Wang Lee-hom. Later, he started a student band called Pink17. He was a drummer. Since then Qiao has known that music will be his life.

       Today he's still a dreamer. He wants to make punk rock popular in China. "Although I've only been

into it for a year, I'll do my best to make it big," he said.

1. From the first paragraph, we can know Kimi Qiao ________.       

A. has a big mouth

B. thought everyone would forget him 

C. is confident of his talent

D. is a very shy girl

2. Private Life ________.

A. is a photo-book

B. is about the 2007 My Show 

C. was published in 2007

D. is an album

3. The Chinese meaning of the underline word "keen" is ___________.

A. 懒惰的                    

B. 热衷的  

C. 愚笨的                  

D. 创造力的

4. When he took part in a singing contest, he was ________ years old.

A. 22

B. 17

C. 18

D. 20

5. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Kimi was a high jumper before going to university.

B. Kimi formed a band called Pink17 when he was 17.

C. Kimi's parents prefer him to be a drummer.

D. Kimi is always dreaming to be an athlete like Liu Xiang.

单项选择题 A1/A2型题