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画图说明汽油机燃烧过程分为哪几个时期，并简述各个时期的特点。 答：第Ⅰ阶段：滞燃期（1—2） 第Ⅱ阶段：速燃期（2—3） 第Ⅲ阶段：缓燃期（3—4） 第Ⅳ阶段：补燃期（4—5） 滞燃期从喷油开始到压力线与强压缩线的分高点上，点1视为燃油开始着火点 速燃期从汽缸压力偏离纯压缩线开始急剧上升，点2走到最高3止 缓燃期从最高压力点3开始到最高温度点4止 补燃期从最高温度点4开始到最低压力点5燃料基本燃烧完为止。

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Today, we’ll talk about what other effects watching TV might produce on children. Children should be (1) a lot of television, many experts and parents agree, but there is at least one circumstance when it might be beneficial: (2) . A recent study conducted by Italian researchers found that children (3) immediately preceding and during blood tests experienced less pain than children whose mothers (4) during the procedure, or children whose mothers were present but (5) .
The research, led by Carlo Brown, MD, at the University of Siena, is published in the Archives of Disease in Childhood. (6) the study. None received any type of anesthesia; the children and their mothers (7) . Both the group whose mothers attempted to distract them from the blood tests and those whose mothers simply observed reported (8) than the group who watched cartoons. For that group, the levels of pain were less and the children were better able to (9) .
One of the possible explanations is that children might have (10) during the procedures, exacerbating their perception of pain. "The higher pain level reported by children during (11) shows the difficulty mothers have in interacting positively (12) in their children’s life," the authors write.
However, they stressed that (13) still provided benefits, noting that the children would (14) during the procedures. "Indeed, children state that having their parent present (15) when in pain," say the authors.
Another possibility offered for consideration is the notion that the (16) might release pain-quelling endorphins. Endorphins, (17) produced by the pituitary gland, resemble opiates in their ability to produce analgesia and a sense of well-being. In other words, they might (18) .
In any case, the study results suggest that health workers should (19) to watch television during painful procedures (20) .
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2003年5月，济南某化工厂(以下简称济南厂)与南京某化学制品公司(以下简称南京公司)在无锡签订了一份化工原料买卖合同，双方约定在2003年7月至12月之间由济南厂用罐装车分三批向南京公司发运化工原料共30吨，货到付款。同年7月，济南厂向南京公司发运原料首批10吨，并在货到后第三天收到该批货款30万元。8月初，市场上该化工厂原料价格上扬，济南厂便不再发货。南京公司因缺乏生产原料，几近停产。几经催促未果，无奈南京公司只得向上海某化工厂以高于市场价5%的价格购买此种化工原料20吨。同年9月底，由于生产厂家太多，此种化工原料价格下跌，济南厂马上一次性发货 20吨，并在装车待运前通知南京公司接货。南京公司立即通知济南厂，要求不要发货并解除双方签订的买卖合同。济南厂不同意，理由是合同中并无履约的具体期限，于是强行发货。货到南京后，因无处贮存，南京公司只得将此批化工原料转让给武汉某化学品公司，谁知承运此批货物的南京某运输公司的货轮在安庆江面撞上重庆轮船公司正常行使的客轮，货轮上部分化工原料泄露到江面，济南厂向南京公司催要货款，双方产生争议。如果沿江受到化工原料污染的贝类养殖户欲对南京某运输公司提起损害赔偿诉讼，具有管辖权的法院是()。

A．安庆市有关人民法院

B．南京市有关人民法院

C．重庆市有关人民法院

D．济南市有关人民法院
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