问题 问答题

2003年1月,甲市成风制衣厂与乙市顺昌贸易有限责任公司在丙市签订了一份服装买卖合同。双方当事人在合同中约定,如果日后发生争议,则由原告住所地或者合同签订地人民法院管辖。2003年5月,成风制衣厂按照合同约定向顺昌贸易有限责任公司提供了服装若干。但在成风制衣厂提供服装后,顺昌贸易有限责任公司一直拒绝支付货款,经成风制衣厂多次催要,顺昌贸易有限责任公司仍拒绝支付。于是,2003年11月2日,成风制衣厂以顺昌贸易有限责任公司为被告向丙市人民法院提起诉讼,要求顺昌贸易有限责任公司支付货敏26万元。丙市人民法院于2003年11月12日受理本案。在举证期限后满前,原告成风制衣厂向一审法院提出变更诉讼请求,一审法院告知原告,根据民事诉讼法的规定,在案件受理后,不得变更诉讼请求。经过一审法院审理,于2004年2月12日判决被告顺昌贸易有限责任公司于判决发生法律效力之日起30日内向原告成风制衣厂支付货款 26万元。
顺昌贸易有限责任公司对一审判决不服,在上诉期间内,直接向第二审人民法院提起上诉,二审法院当即予以受理。成风制衣厂未提起上诉。后二审法院在审理本案的过程中查明,该案一审时的审判长李某系原告成风制衣厂法定代表人的大学同宿舍同学,应当回避而未回避,且一审法院判决认定事实部分不清。此外,在二审法院审理过程中,上诉人顺昌贸易有限责任公司提出反诉,认为被上诉人成风制衣厂提供的服装在质量上与双方签订的买卖合同约定不符,根本无法予以销售,影响了公司的效益,因此,要求成风制衣厂承担违约责任,二审法院将上诉人顺昌贸易有限责任公司的上诉请求和反诉请求合并处理,经审理查明,认定成风制衣厂提供的服装符合合同约定,但顺昌贸易有限责任公司应当支付的货款为23万元,遂于2004年6月20日撤销一审判决,并判决顺昌贸易有限责任公司于判决发生法律效力之日起30日内支付货款23万元。
2005年5月12日,成风制衣厂向二审法院申请对顺昌贸易有限责任公司的强制执行。二审法院受理后,在执行过程中,成风制衣厂与顺昌贸易有限责任公司达成和解协议,双方在协议中约定顺昌贸易有限责任公司于协议生效之日起2个月内支付货款,数额由23万元减少为20万元。但两个月后,顺昌贸易有限责任公司仍未支付货款,于是执行法院根据申请人的申请,恢复对原生效判决的执行。经查,顺昌贸易有限责任公司虽无财产可供执行,但阳光公司对谊公司有到期债务尚未偿还。根据成风制衣厂的申请,执行法院向阳光公司发出了履行到期债务通知书。阳光公司收到通知后,向法院提交了书面异议。经法院审查,异议成立。在这种情况下,法院最终作出了终结执行的裁定。
1.成风制衣厂与顺昌贸易有限责任公司之间的协议管辖是否有效依据何在

答案

参考答案:执行法院最终作出终结执行的裁定不正确。在本案所述情况下,执行法院应当作出中止案件执行的裁定。

解析: 执行法院最终作出终结执行的裁定不正确。理由如下:根据《民事诉讼法》第234条的规定,有下列情形之一的,人民法院应当裁定中止执行: (一)申请人表示可以延期执行的,(二)案外人对执行标的提出确有理由的异议的;(三)作为一方当事人的公民死亡,需要等待继承人继承权利或者承担义务的,(四)作为一方当事人的法人或者其他组织终止,尚未确定权利义务承受人的; (五)人民法院认为应当中止执行的其他情形。中止的情形消失后,恢复执行。再根据《执行规定》第102条的规定,有下列情形之一的,人民法院应当依照《民事诉讼法》第234条第1款第五项的规定裁定中止执行:(1)人民法院已受理以被执行人为债务人的破产申请的;(2)被执行人确无财产可供执行的;(3)执行的标的物是其他法院或仲裁机构正在审理的案件争议标的物,需要等待该案件审理完毕确定权属的;(4)一方当事人申请执行仲裁裁决,另一方当事人申请撤销仲裁裁决的; (5)仲裁裁决的被申请执行人依据《民事诉讼法》第217条第2款的规定向人民法院提出不予执行请求,并提供适当担保的。由此可见,在被执行人确无财产可供执行的情况下,执行法院应当将案件中止执行。在本案中,经执行法院查明,被执行人顺昌贸易有限责任公司确无财产可供执行,法院应当将案件中止执行,待被执行人日后有财产可供偿还时再恢复案件的执行,而不是应当将案件予以终结。

单项选择题
单项选择题

Jim Boon is a hybrid kind of guy. He drives a Toyota hybrid to work, a Honda hybrid on weekends and, as a manager for Seattle public transit he recently placed the world’s largest order for hybrid electric buses.

Now, with the biggest hybrid-bus fleet in the world, Seattle has become the main testing ground for a technology that claims it can drastically cut air pollution and fuel consumption. In the 1990s, demo fleets of 35 buses or fewer started cropping up in cities such as Tempe, Ariz. Sixteen of these early hybrids still service Genoa, Italy, where drivers switch from diesel to electric power when passing the city’s downtown architectural treasures. But no city has gone as far as Seattle, which last year bought 235 GM hybrid buses at $ 645,000 a pop. When the final one rolls out this December, the region’s bus system will be 15 percent hybrid.

But why Seattle, and why now The Pacific Northwest has long been a hotbed of both Green politics and cutting-edge technology. Fourteen years ago the Seattle area bought 236 Italian-made Breda buses to service a mile-long downtown tunnel. They were supposed to operate as clean electric trolleys underground, but the switching mechanism often failed and "the bus drove through the tunnel as a diesel," says Boon. "It was pretty loud and smoky. "

When the Bredas hit retirement age in 2002, Boon went shopping. He chose the GM buses because they use an automatic transmission and diesel boosters that provide power to scale inclines without strain. In hilly Seattle, the prospect of a hybrid that could climb like a diesel but accelerate without belching black fumes helped justify a price $ 200,000 higher than that of a regular bus. "The days of seeing a diesel pull away and pour out smoke are over," says Boon. "After we drove these hybrid buses across the country, I wiped a handkerchief inside the tailpipe. It came out spotless. "

Experts say buses are critical to realizing the hybrid dream of greater efficiency and cleaner air. It would take thousands of hybrid cars to save as many gallons of gas (750,000) as Boon expects his buses to save Seattle each year. GM claims that compared with conventional diesels, its new buses also churn out 90 percent less particulate matter—a known carcinogen. "Buses are a major source of pollution in any city," says Dave Kircher of the Puget Sound Clean Air Agency. "They operate where people are breathing this exhaust, so this is a major step forward in terms of emissions. "

And a major step forward in the marketplace: Philadelphia, Honolulu, Long Beach, Calif., and Albuquerque, N. M. , have all bought the GM buses in recent months. GM is now touting itself in ads as the top hybrid-bus innovator, but Siemens is among the global giants dueling GM for new business, and New York plans to deploy 325 BAE Systems hybrids by 2006. "There’s room for competition," says James Cannon, editor of Hybrid Vehicles newsletter. Seems Seattle isn’t the only city trying to leave grunge behind.

Which of the following is true according to the text()

A. Many cities plan to buy GM buses

B. GM buses have the incomparable advantages over other buses

C. There is severe competition in the field of hybrid vehicles

D. The best way to keep the city clean is to buy hybrid buses