问题 问答题 简答题

简述巴门尼德关于“真理与意见”的学说。

答案

参考答案:巴门尼德在他的哲学诗的开始,借正义女神之口,指出了真理之路和意见之路的区分:意见之路按众人的习惯认识感觉对象,以茫然的眼睛、轰鸣的耳朵和舌头为准绳;真理之路则用理智来进行辩论;真理之路通往“圆满的”、“不可动摇的中心”,而意见之路却“不真实可靠”。巴门尼德用“光明”和“黑暗”这两个领域比喻真理和意见的对象。

巴门尼德主张遵循真理之路,但却没有完全否定意见,他说,应该学习从真理到意见的一切,直到如何把不真的、但被相信的意见变成确定的、无所不在的道理。

阅读理解

People say teenagers are no good. They make too much noise in shopping malls; they drive carelessly up and down America’s main streets. And at least some of the time those things are true. But we shouldn’t forget that there are hard moments in the life of a teenager too.

I watched such a moment not long ago at a woman’s funeral which happened in a church. A teenage grandson stepped forward. Softly he began:“ I want to share a few values that Nana taught me. She never failed to see light in any situation. When our family dog would attack her, what would Nana say? ‘Oh, what beautiful markings that dog has.’ That was Nana.

“She was a strong woman who often lived in the shadow of my grandpa, who was a successful businessman in this city. But she was the one behind the scenes who provided the strength and support for Grandpa’s career,” he said, with a voice now trembling. “That was Nana’s way.”

Finally, in a voice breaking free of sorrow, he looked up and said, “Nana taught me courage. She put up a fight to the end, when she died peacefully, which is how she lived her life. That was Nana’s way, and I hope I can carry on in the same manner.”

There are no hearts as sensitive as those of teenagers, because everything is happening to them for the first time. The trouble with teenagers is that they haven’t learned to be controlled. When that boy rose to speak about the woman who had been his dearest friend, his honest voice dragged each of us out into the open where we could no longer hide. I was moved and learned a lot.

小题1:According to the first paragraph, ______.

A.young people are living a hard life

B.people don’t think highly of the teenagers

C.people shouldn’t forget the young people

D.young people should keep quiet before the public小题2: From the boy’s speech, we know his grandmother ______.

A.was a weak woman living in the shadow of his grandpa

B.liked dogs very much even if they often attacked her

C.could see everything around her though she was old

D.had great influence over the boy when she was alive小题3:We can infer from the passage that the boy ______.

A.was filled with sadness and gave up finishing his talk

B.was always very good at expressing himself

C.practiced a lot in order to give a moving speech

D.had great difficulty in accepting the loss of Nana小题4:The writer wanted to tell the readers ______.

A.the young people were too weak to face certain facts

B.the young people have learned to control themselves

C.the adults could learn something valuable from the young

D.the adults should teach the young how to deal with the death

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