中小学心理健康教育包括哪些专门途径？各有何特点？_爱下问搜题

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问题问答题简答题

中小学心理健康教育包括哪些专门途径？各有何特点？

答案

参考答案：

1、心理素质教育：根据个体心理特点和规律，运用心理学的方法，设计并实施各种方案，以促使学生良好的心理素质的形成。心理素质教育一般是发展性的教育，面对的是正常学生，既可以是个体学生，也可以是学生集体。主要途径有：开设心理学课和心理健康教育活动课、举办各种心理讲座、开展心理知识宣传等。

2、心理咨询与辅导：根据心理特点与规律，运用心理学方法，帮助心理出现问题的个体摆脱不利的心理状态，或排除各种心理障碍，恢复到健康状态。心理咨询一般是补救性的，面对的是心理处于不平衡状态的学生或程度较轻的心理不健康的学生。

3、心理治疗：运用心理学的方法，对已经产生较严重的心理障碍的人进行专门的调节，使之回复到正常状态。心理治疗是补救性的，其对象是有比较严重的心理问题的学生，往往需要较长的时间与周密的治疗处理。要求有专门训练的、有较高技术的人员

单项选择题

第一个提出要使教育学成为科学的是（）。

A.洛克

B.赫尔巴特

C.卢梭

D.杜威

完形填空

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
James’s New Bicycle
James shook his money box again. Nothing! He carefully __36__ the coins that lay on the bed. $24.52 was all that he had. The bicycle he wanted was at least $90! __37__ on earth was he going to get the __38__ of the money?
He knew that his friends all had bicycles. It was __39__ to hang around with people when you were the only one without wheels. He thought about what he could do. There was no __40__ asking his parents, for he knew they had no money to __41__.
There was only one way to get money, and that was to __42__ it. He would have to find a job. __43__ who would hire him and what could he do? He decided to ask Mr. Clay for advice, who usually had __44__ on most things.
“Well, you can start right here,”said Mr. Clay. “My windows need cleaning and my car needs washing.”
That was the __45__ of James’s odd-job(零工) business. For three months he worked every day after finishing his homework. He was amazed by the __46__ of jobs that people found for him to do. He took dogs and babies for walks, cleared out cupboards, and mended books. He lost count of the __47__ of cars he washed and windows he cleaned, but the __48__ increased and he knew that he would soon have __49__ for the bicycle he longed for.
The day __50__ came when James counted his money and found $94.32. He __51__ no time and went down to the shop to pick up the bicycle he wanted. He rode __52__ home, looking forward to showing his new bicycle to his friends. It had been hard __53__ for the money, but James knew that he valued his bicycle far more __54__ he had bought it with his own money. He had __55__what he thought was impossible, and that was worth even more than the bicycle.

B．introduction

C．requirement

C．suitability