问题 实验题

(7分)构建知识网络是一种重要的学习方法。如图是关于铁化学性质的知识网络(“→”表示一种物质转化为另一种物质),其中B是密度最小的气体,C为红色固体单质。请回答下列问题:

(1)C物质的化学式为            

(2)B物质的一种用途是              

(3)反应②还需要的一种反应物是          (填化学式)。

(4)写出④反应的化学方程式:                           

(5)反应①导致每年有大量的钢铁锈蚀,为阻止该反应的发生,人们常采用在钢铁表面涂刷油漆或镀上其它金属等方法。这两种方法的共同原理是阻止钢铁与         接触。

(6)市场上出售的补血麦片中常含有微量颗粒细小的还原性铁粉,铁粉与人体胃液中的

     发生反应转化为氯化亚铁,起到补血的作用。

答案

(7分)

(1)  Cu                         (2) 作燃料(或制盐酸、或填充气球)  

(3)   C(或CO、或H2等还原剂)        

(4) Fe + 2HCl = FeCl2 + H2↑(或Fe + H2SO4 = FeSO4 + H2↑)

(5) 空气                 (6) 盐酸(或HCl) 

分析:密度最小的气体为氢气,则气体B为氢气;结合转化关系图由铁而转化成红色固体单质C为铜;然后根据物质的性质和反应规律进行填空.

解:(1)C物质是红色固体,能由铁转化而来,那么C就是铜,化学式为 Cu.

(2)B物质是密度最小的气体,是氢气,氢气具有可燃性和密度小的性质,它的一种用途是 作燃料(或制盐酸、或填充气球).

(3)由氧化铁变为铁还需要还原剂,可以是 C(或CO、或H2等还原剂).

(4)铁和酸反应生成氢气,化学方程式为:Fe+2HCl=FeCl2+H2↑(或Fe+H2SO4=FeSO4+H2↑).

(5)根据钢铁生锈的条件,人们常采用在钢铁表面涂刷油漆或镀上其它金属等方法来防止铁生锈,这两种方法的共同原理是阻止钢铁与空气接触.

(6)铁粉与人体胃液中的 盐酸发生反应转化为氯化亚铁,起到补血的作用.

故答案为:(1)Cu                         

(2)作燃料(或制盐酸、或填充气球)

(3)C(或CO、或H2等还原剂)  

(4)Fe+2HCl=FeCl2+H2↑(或Fe+H2SO4=FeSO4+H2↑)

(5)空气

(6)盐酸

阅读理解

Parents often believe that they have a good relationship with their teenagers. But last summer, Joanna and Henry noticed a change in their older son: suddenly he seemed to be talking far more to his friends than to his parents. "The door to his room is always shut." Joanna noted.

Tina and Mark noticed similar changes in their 14-year-old daughter. "She used to sit in my arms on the sofa and talk with me," said Mark. "Now we joke that she does this only when she wants something. Sometimes she wants to be treated like a little girl and sometimes like a young lady. The problem is figuring out which time is which."

Before age 11, children like to tell their parents what's on their minds. "In fact, parents are first on the list." said Michael Riera, author of Uncommon Sense for Parents with Teenagers. "This completely changes during the teen years." Riera explained. "They talk to their friends first, then maybe their teachers, and their parents last."

Parents who know what's going on in their teenagers' lives are in the best position to help them. To break down the wall of silence, parents should create chances to understand what their children want to say, and try to find ways to talk and write to them. And they must give their children a mental break, for children also need freedom, though young. Another thing parents should remember is that to be a friend, not a manager, with their children is a better way to know them.

小题1:"The door to his room is always shut" suggests that the son_______.

A.is always busy with his studies

B.doesn't want to be disturbed

C.keeps himself away from his parents

D.begins to dislike his parents小题2:What troubles Tina and Mark most is that _______.

A.their daughter isn't as lovely as before

B.they can't read their daughter's mind exactly

C.they don't know what to say to their daughter

D.their daughter talks with them only when she needs help小题3:which of the following best explains "the wall of silence" in the last paragraph?

A.Teenagers talk a lot with their friends.

B.Teenagers do not want to understand their parents.

C.Teenagers do not talk much with their parents.

D.Teenagers talk little about their own lives.小题4:What can be learned from the passage?

A.Parents are unhappy with their growing children.

B.Parents have suitable ways to talk with their teenagers.

C.Parents should be patient with their silent teenagers.

D.Parents should try to understand their teenagers.

单项选择题 B2型题