问题 单项选择题

在价值工程的功能评价时V<1,则改进的方向包括()。

A.增加功能

B.增加成本

C.降低成本

D.无需改进

答案

参考答案:C

解析:功能价值V的计算方法有两大类,功能成本法和功能指数法。功能成本法称为绝对值法,功能指数法称为相对值法。功能成本法中,价值系数=功能评价值/现实成本;功能指数法中,价值指数=功能指数/成本指数。其核心都是一样的,即V=f/C,据此公式可以进行判断。V=1时,即f=C,无需改进;V<1时,即f<C,改善方向主要是降低成本,这里不要选择提高功能,因为此种情况也可能是存在过剩功能所占的成本偏高,所以应剔除过剩功能降低成本;V>1时,即f>C,改善方向是增加成本或降低功能。对于这类题目不能死记硬背,应学会对公式V=f/C进行分析。

阅读理解

“Mum, what does it mean when someone tells you that they have a skeleton (骨骼) in the closet (衣橱)?”Jessica asked. “A skeleton in the closet?” her mother paused thoughtfully, “Well, it’s something that you would rather not have anyone else know about. For example, if in the past, someone in Dad’s family had been arrested for stealing a horse, it would be ‘a skeleton in his family’s closet’. He really wouldn’t want any neighbor to know about it.”

“Why pick on my family?” Jessica’s father said with anger. “Your family history isn’t so good, you know. Wasn’t you great – great grandfather a prisoner who was transported to Australia for his crimes?”“Yes, but people these days say that you are not a real Australian unless your ancestors arrived as prisoners.”“Gosh, sorry I asked. I think I understand now,” Jessica cut in before things grew worse.

After dinner, the house was very quiet. Jessica’s parents were still quite angry with each other. Her mother was ironing clothes and every now and then she glared at her husband, who hid behind his newspaper pretending to read. When she finished, she gathered the freshly pressed clothes in her arms and walked to Jessica’s closet. Just as she opened the door and reached in to hang a skirt, a bony arm stuck out from the dark depths and a bundle of white bones fell to the floor. Jessica’s mother sank into a faint (晕倒), waking only when Jessica put a cold, wet cloth on her forehead. She looked up to see the worried faces of her husband and daughter.

“What happened? Where am I?” she asked. “You just destroyed the school’s skeleton, Mum,” explained Jessica. “I brought it home to help me with my health project. I meant to tell you, but it seemed that as soon as I mentioned skeletons and closets, it caused a problem between you and Dad.” Jessica looked in amazement as her parents began to laugh madly. “They’re both crazy,” she thought.

小题1:According to Jessica’s mother, “a skeleton in the closet” means         .

A.a family honor

B.a family secret

C.a family story

D.a family treasure小题2:What can we learn about some Australian’s ancestors from Paragraph 2?______.

A.They were brought to Australia as prisoners.

B.They were the earliest people living in Australia.

C.They were involved in some crimes in Australia.

D.They were not regarded as criminals in their days.小题3:Jessica’s mother fell down into a faint because she was          .

A.knocked

B.frightened

C.injured

D.surprised小题4:Why did Jessica bring a skeleton home? _________.

A.She was curious about it.

B.She planned to keep it for fun.

C.She needed it for her school task.

D.She intended to scare her parents.小题5:Jessica’s parents laughed madly at the end of the story probably because        .

A.they were crazy

B.they were overexcited

C.they realized their misunderstanding

D.they both thought they had won the quarrel

填空题