问题 阅读理解

We learned that fossil fuels were formed before and during the time of the dinosaurs(恐龙). We are using up the fuels. We can save fossil fuels by protecting and finding ways to use energy from “endless sources”, like the sun and the wind. Some people suggest that we should start using hydrogen(氢).

Hydrogen is a colorless, smell-less gas that takes up 75 percent of the whole universe. Hydrogen is found on earth only in mixture with other elements such as oxygen, carbon and nitrogen. To use hydrogen, we must separate it from these other elements.

Hydrogen can be used in NASA’s space program as fuel for the spaceships, and in fuel cells that provide heat, electricity and drinking water for astronauts. Fuel cells are devices that directly change hydrogen into electricity. In the future, hydrogen could be used to fuel vehicles and aircraft and provide power for our homes and offices.

Hydrogen can be made from natural gas. An electrical current can also be used to separate water into its elements of oxygen and hydrogen. Some plants in the sea and bacteria(细菌) give off hydrogen through sunlight under certain conditions.

Hydrogen as a fuel is high in energy. Yet a machine that burns pure hydrogen produces almost zero pollution. NASA has used liquid hydrogen since the 1970s to drive rockets and spacecraft into orbit. Hydrogen fuel cells power the spacecraft’s electrical systems, producing clean by-product-pure water, which the crew drinks.

56. We can get hydrogen from the following EXCEPT ______ according to the passage.

A. natural gas    B. water                    C. creature in the sea         D. bacteria

57. Why could the hydrogen be used widely in the future?

A. Because it is of high quality.               

B. Because it has no pollution. 

C. Because it is easy to get it from all kinds of ways.      

D. Because there are much hydrogen existing in the universe.

58. The passage mainly tells us ________.

A. the usage of a new energy source        B. the future energy sources

C. a new energy source -hydrogen       D. how to get the energy source

答案

56-58 CBC   

56. C。从文章可以知道。我们可以从空气、水、海洋植物和细菌中获取氢。海洋生物太笼统了,所以选C。

57. B。从文章的最后一段可知,氢作为能源几乎没有污染。

58. C。主题的理解。文章谈论的都是“氢”。未来的新能源还可能有其他的(the sun and the wind)。

阅读理解

A Charlotte N.C. man was charged with first-degree murder of a 79-year-old woman whom police said he scared to death. Can the guy be held responsible for the woman’s death? Prosecutors (公诉人) said that he can under the state’s murder rule, which allows someone to be charged with murder if he or she causes another person’s death while committing or fleeing from a severe crime—even if he or she doesn’t kill someone on purpose.

But, medically speaking, can someone actually be frightened to death? We asked Martin Samuels, chairman of the neurology department at Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston.

Absolutely, no question about it.

The body has a natural protective method called the fight-or-flight response, which was originally described by Walter Cannon,chairman of Harvard University’s physiology department from 1906 to 1942. If, in the wild, an animal is faced with a life-threatening situation, the automatic nervous system responds by increasing heart rate, increasing blood flow to the muscles, and slowing digestion, among other things. All of this increases the chances of succeeding in a fight or running away from an aggressive beast. This process certainly would be of help to early humans. However, in the modern world there is obvious decline of the fight-or-flight response.

The autonomic nervous system uses the chemical messenger to send signals to various parts of the body to activate the fight-or-flight response. This chemical is poisonous in large amounts; it damages the organs such as the heart, lungs, liver and kidneys. It is believed that almost all sudden deaths are caused by damage to the heart. There is almost no other organ that would fail so fast as to cause sudden death.

By the way, any strong positive or negative emotions such as happiness or sadness can cause the same result. There are people who have died in excitement or in religious passion. There was a case of a golfer who hit a hole in one, turned to his partner and said, “I can die now”, and then he dropped dead.

小题1:What is Martin Samuels’ attitude to the possibility of being frightened to death?

A.Approval.

B.Disapproval.

C.Doubtful.

D.Indifferent.小题2:What can we learn about the fight-or-flight response according to the passage?

A.The fight-or-flight response was raised and proved by Martin Samuels.

B.It is a natural protective method that can’t be found in all creatures but humans.

C.The ancient humans had a better fight-or-flight response than modern ones.

D.The fight-or-flight response is beneficial to both our actions and organs.小题3:What activity can we infer is less likely to damage the organs?

A.Winning an unexpected fortune.

B.Missing a dead family member.

C.Watching a horror movie.

D.Listening to a sweet song.小题4:The purpose of the passage is ______.

A.to explain why people will die of a heart attack

B.to offer some advice on protecting us from heart failure

C.to compare different kinds of feelings to cause a death

D.to show strong emotions can cause a sudden death

单项选择题 A3/A4型题