问题 问答题

ABC公司是一个商业企业。现行的信用政策是40天内全额付款,赊销额平均占销售额的75%,其余部分为立即付现购买。目前的应收账款周转天数为45天(假设一年为360天,根据赊销额和应收账款期末余额计算,下同)。总经理今年1月初提出,将信用政策改为50天内全额付款,改变信用政策后,预期总销售额可增20%,赊销比例增加到90%,其余部分为立即付现购买。预计应收账款周转天数延长到60天。

改变信用政策预计不会影响存货周转率和销售成本率(目前销货成本占销售额的70%)。工人工资由目前的每年200万元,增加到380万元。除工资以外的营业费用和管理费用目前为每年300万元,预计不会因信用政策改变而变化。

上年末的资产负债表如下:

资产负责表 200×年12月31日

要求:

假设该投资要求的必要报酬率为8.9597%,问公司应否改变信用政策?

答案

参考答案:

原方案赊销收入==3600(万元)

原方案销售收入==4800(万元) 原

方案销售成本=4800×70%=3360(万元)

应收账款平均余额=×平均收现期(即应收账款周转天数)

原方案应收账款平均余额=×45=600(万元)

应收账款占用资金=应收账款平均余额×变动成本率(即销售成本率)

原方案应收账款占用资金=600×70%=420(万元)

应收账款应计利息=应收账款占用资金×必要报酬率

原方案应收账款应计利息=420×8.9597%=37.63(万元)

存货占用资金利息=存货成本(即存货期末余额)×必要报酬率

原方案存货占用资金利息=560×8.9597%=50.17(万元)

原方案其他有关费用=200+300=500(万元)

原方案收益=4800-3360-37.63-50.17-500=852.2(万元)

新方案销售收入=4800×(1+20%)=5760(万元)

新方案销售成本=5760×70%=4032(万元)

新方案应收账款应订利息=×60×70%×8.9597%=60.21(万元)

存货周转率==6

新方案存货期末余额==672(万元)

新方案存货占用资金利息=672×8.9597%=60.21(万元)

新方案其他有关费用=380+300=680(万元)

新方案收益=5760-4032-60.21-60.21-680=927.58(万元)

新方案收益大于原方案,所以应当选择新方案。

单项选择题

In early 2004 eight tiny sensors were dropped from a plane near a military base in California. After hitting the ground, the sensors—also known as smart dust sensors—organized themselves into a network and quickly detected a fleet of military vehicles on the ground. They determined the direction, speed and size of a series of military vehicles traveling along the road and later transmitted the data to a computer at a nearby base camp.

Smart dust sens6rs are minicomputers—as small as a grain of rice in some cases—that can monitor and evaluate their physical environment and can relay the information via wireless communication. They can monitor elements such as temperature, moisture, humidity, pressure, energy use, vibration, light, motion, radiation, gas, and chemicals. These devices will soon have many applications, such as use in emergency rescue.

Software has been developed to run these minicomputers. A key feature of the software is the ability of the sensors to automatically organize themselves into a communications network and talk to each other via wireless radio signals. If any one connection is interrupted, the sensors will self-correct and pass the information on to the next available sensor.

Each sensor has a chip that does the computing work—recording things like temperature and motion at its location. Each sensor also has a tiny radio transmitter that allows it to talk to other sensors within 100 feet or so. With a single network of 10,000 sensors—thought to be the biggest array (排列) of sensors currently possible—you could cover 9 square miles and get information about each point along the way. The data finally works its way to a base station that can send the information to a computer or to a wireless network.

The scientists who are working with this technology say smart dust sensors can be used to detect the location or movement of enemy troops in areas too dangerous or remote for soldiers to operate. Scattering hundreds of self-networking sensors from a manned or unmanned plane onto the battlefield, in theory, could produce critical information and lead to strategic advantage. Sensors could also be used to detect the presence of chemical weapons and could give troops the time needed to put on protective gear.

To cover an area of 3 square miles and get information about each point along the way, how many smart dust sensors, are needed()

A. About 3,000 sensors.

B. About 3,300 sensors.

C. About 5,000 sensors.

D. About 6,600 sensors.

判断题