问题 问答题

甲公司是一家股份制有限责任公司,所得税税率为25%,采用资产负债表债务法核算所得税,盈余公积按净利润的15%提取,其中法定盈余公积的提取比例为10%,法定公益金为5%。甲公司每年实现税前会计利润800万元。每年的财务报告批准报出日为4月16日,所得税汇算清缴日为3月11日。
(1) 甲公司2003年9月1日赊销商品一批给丙公司,该商品的账面成本为2800万元,售价为3000万元,增值税税率为17%,消费税税率为10%,丙公司因资金困难无法按时偿付此债权,双方约定执行债务重组,有关条款如下:
①甲公司豁免丙公司20万元的债务。
②以丙公司生产的A设备来抵债,该商品账面成本为1800万元,公允售价为2000万元,增值税税率为17%,甲公司取得后作为固定资产使用,设备于2003年12月1日办妥了财产转移手续。
③余款约定延期两年支付,如果2005年丙公司的营业利润达到200万元,则丙公司需追加偿付30万元。
甲公司于2003年12月18日办妥了债务解除手续。
丙公司在2005年实现营业利润230万元。
(2) 甲公司将债务重组获取的设备用于销售部门,预计净残值为10万元,会计上采用5年期直线法折旧口径,税务上的折旧口径为10年期直线折旧。2005年末该设备的可收回价值为1210万元,2007年末的可收回价值为450万元。固定资产的预计净残值始终未变。
(3) 甲公司于2008年6月1日将A设备与丁公司的专利权进行交换,交换当时该设备的公允价值为288万元;丁公司专利权的账面余额为330万元,已提减值准备40万元,公允价值为300万元。转让无形资产的营业税率为5%,双方约定由甲公司另行支付补价12万元。财产交换手续于6月1日全部办妥,交易双方均未改变资产的用途。该交易具有商业实质。
(4) 甲公司对换入的专利权按4年期摊销其价值,假定税务上认可此无形资产的入账口径及摊销标准。
(5) 2009年2月14日注册会计师在审计甲公司2008年度会计报表时发现上述专利权自取得后一直未作摊销,提醒甲公司作出差错更正。
[要求]
1.作出甲公司债务重组的账务处理;

答案

参考答案:甲公司更正会计差错的处理如下:
甲公司换入专利权的入账成本=288+12=300(万元)
甲公司本应于2008年摊销无形资产价值=300÷4×7/12=43.75(万元)
甲公司在2009年做如下差错更正:
①借:以前年度损益调整 43.75
贷:元形资产 43.75
②借:应交税费——应交所得税(43.75×25%) 10.94
贷:以前年度损益调整 10.94
③借:利润分配——未分配利润 29.31
贷:以前年度损益调整 29.31
④借:盈余公积——法定盈余公积 2.93
——法定公益金 1.47
贷:利润分配——未分配利润 4.4

判断题
阅读理解

On the 36th day after they had voted, Americans finally learned Wednesday who would be their next president: Governor George W. Bush of Texas.

Vice President Al Gore, his last realistic avenue for legal challenge closed by a U. S. Supreme Court decision late Tuesday, planned to end the contest formally in a televised evening speech of perhaps 10 minutes, advisers said.

They said that Senator Joseph Lieberman, his vice presidential running mate, would first make brief comments. The men would speak from a ceremonial chamber of the Old Executive office Building, to the west of the White House.

The dozens of political workers and lawyers who had helped lead Mr. Gore’s unprecedented fight to claw a come-from-behind electoral victory in the pivotal state of Florida were thanked Wednesday and asked to stand down.

“The vice president has directed the recount committee to suspend activities,” William Daley, the Gore campaign chairman, said in a written statement.

Mr. Gore authorized that statement after meeting with his wife, Tipper, and with top advisers including Mr. Daley.

He was expected to telephone Mr. Bush during the day. The Bush campaign kept a low profile and moved gingerly, as if to leave space for Mr. Gore to contemplate his next steps.

Yet, at the end of a trying and tumultuous process that had focused world attention on sleepless vote counters across Florida, and on courtrooms form Miami to Tallahassee to Atlanta to Washington the Texas governor was set to become the 43d U. S. president.

The news of Mr. Gore’s plans followed the longest and most rancorous dispute over a U. S. presidential election in more than a century, one certain to leave scars in a badly divided country.

It was a bitter ending for Mr. Gore, who had outpolled Mr. Bush nationwide by some 300000 votes, but, without Florida, fell short in the Electoral College by 271votes to 267—the narrowest Electoral College victory since the turbulent election of 1876.

Mr. Gore was said to be distressed by what he and many Democratic activists felt was a partisan decision from the nation’s highest court.

The 5-to –4 decision of the Supreme Court held, in essence, that while a vote recount in Florida could be conducted in legal and constitutional fashion, as Mr. Gore had sought, this could not be done by the Dec. 12 deadline for states to select their presidential electors.

James Baker 3rd, the former secretary of state who represented Mr. Bush in the Florida dispute, issued a short statement after the U. S. high court ruling, saying that the governor was “very pleased and gratified.”

Mr. Bush was planning a nationwide speech aimed at trying to begin to heal the country’s deep, aching and varied divisions. He then was expected to meet with congressional leaders, including Democrats. Dick Cheney, Mr. Bush’s ruing mate, was meeting with congressmen Wednesday in Washington.

When Mr. Bush, who is 54, is sworn into office on Jan.20, he will be only the second son of  a president to follow his father to the White House, after John Adams and John Quincy Adams in the early 19th century.

Mr. Gore, in his speech, was expected to thank his supporters, defend his hive-week battle as an effort to ensure, as a matter of principle, that every vote be counted, and call for the nation to join behind the new president. He was described by an aide as “resolved and resigned.”

While some constitutional experts had said they believed states could present electors as late as Dec. 18, the U. S. high court made clear that it saw no such leeway.

The U.S. high court sent back “for revision” to the Florida court its order allowing recounts but made clear that for all practical purposes the election was over.

In its unsigned main opinion, the court declared, “The recount process, in its features here described, is inconsistent with the minimum procedures necessary to protect the fundamental right of each voter.”

That decision, by a court fractured along philosophical lines, left one liberal justice charging that the high court’s proceedings bore a political taint.

Justice John Paul Stevens wrote in an angry dissent:” Although we may never know with complete certainty the identity of the winner of this year’s presidential election, the identity of the loser is perfectly clear. It is the nation’s confidence in the judge as an impartial guardian of the law.”

But at the end of five seemingly endless weeks, during which the physical, legal and constitutional machines of the U. S. election were pressed and sorely tested in ways unseen in more than a century, the system finally produced a result, and one most Americans appeared to be willing at lease provisionally to support.

The Bush team welcomed the news with an outward show of restraint and aplomb. The governor’s hopes had risen and fallen so many times since Election night, and the legal warriors of each side suffered through so many dramatic reversals, that there was little energy left for celebration.

小题1:The main idea of this passage is

[A]. Bush’s victory in presidential election bore a political taint.

[B]. The process of the American presidential election.

[C]. The Supreme Court plays a very important part in the presidential election.

[D]. Gore is distressed.

小题2:     What does the sentence “as if to leave space for Mr. Gore to contemplate his next step” mean

[A]. Bush hopes Gore to join his administration.

[B]. Bush hopes Gore to concede defeat and to support him.

[C]. Bush hopes Gore to congraduate him.

[D]. Bush hopes Gore go on fighting with him.

小题3:     Why couldn’t Mr. Gore win the presidential election after he outpolled Mr. Bush in the popular vote? Because

[A]. the American president is decided by the supreme court’s decision.

[B]. people can’t directly elect their president.

[C]. the American president is elected by a slate of presidential electors.

[D]. the people of each state support Mr. Bush.

小题4:     What was the result of the 5—4 decision of the supreme court?

[A]. It was in fact for the vote recount.

[B]. It had nothing to do with the presidential election.

[C]. It decided the fate of the winner.

[D]. It was in essence against the vote recount.

小题5:     What did the “turbulent election of 1876” imply?

[A]. The process of presidential election of 2000 was the same as that.

[B]. There were great similarities between the two presidential elections (2000 and 1876).

[C]. It was compared to presidential election of 2000.

[D]. It was given an example.