问题 问答题

北方公司为上市公司,是增值税一般纳税人,增值税税率17%,所得税采用资产负债表债务法核算,全年累计实现利润1000万元,所得税税率为25%。当年发生以下业务:
(1) 去年12月购入管理用固定资产,原价为181万元,预计净残值为1万元,税法规定的折旧年限为5年,按直线法计提折旧,会计上按年数总和法计提折旧,折旧年限及预计净残值与税法相一致。
(2) 当年企业当期发生研究开发支出计100万元,其中研究阶段支出20万元,开发阶段符合资本化条件前发生的支出为30万元,符合资本化条件后发生的支出为50万元。假定税法规定企业的研究开发支出可按150%加计扣除,研究开发支出均为人工费用。该企业开发形成的无形资产在当期期末已达到预定用途。企业根据各方而情况判断,无法合理预计其为企业带来的经济利益的期限,将其视为使用寿命不确定的无形资产。12月31日对该项无形资产进行减值测试表明未发生减值。
(3) 3月1日,购入A股票12万股,支付价款120万元,划为交易性金融资产;年末甲公司持有的A股票的市价为180万元。
(4) 4月1日,购入B股票8万股,支付价款240万元,划为可供出售金融资产;年末甲公司持有的B股票的市价为360万元。
(5) 当年因销售产品承诺提供3年的保修服务,年末预计负债账面金额为70万元,当年未发生任何保修支出。假定按照税法规定,与产品售后服务相关的费用在实际支付时抵扣。
(6) 11月1日取得一项投资性房地产,按公允价值模式计量。取得时的入账金额为1200万元,预计使用年限为60年,年末公允价值为1500万元。假设税法按60年采用平均年限法计提折旧(此题假设折旧费用为该年全年)。
(7) 年末存货账面余额100万元,存货可变现净值94万元。
(8) 去年发生的亏损尚有30万元未弥补,可以由当年税前利润弥补。假设去年已估计很可能获得未来应纳税所得额弥补亏损,已视同可抵扣暂时性差异,确认相应的递延所得税资产。
(9) 企业当年除上述业务产生的暂时性差异外,确认应支付的职工薪酬共计5000万元,尚未支付。按照税法规定的计税工资标准可以于当期扣除的部分为4500万元;超标业务招待费10万元,国债利息收入90万元,违法经营罚款20万元。
[要求]
1.编制上述业务的有关会计分录;

答案

参考答案:可抵扣暂时性差异=24+70+6-30=70(万元)
应纳税暂时性差异=50+60+120+320=550(万元)
递延所得税负债=550×25%=137.5(万元)
递延所得税资产=70×25%=17.5(万元)
“应交税费——应交所得税”科目金额=(1000+24-100-60+70-320+6-30+500+10-90+20)×25%=1030×25%=257.5(万元)
可供出售金融资产公允价值变动不影响损益,不影响所得税费用,影响资本公积,因此要冲减资本公积=120×25%=30(万元)
所得税费用=应交税费——应交所得税257.5+递延所得税负债137.5-递延所得税资产17.5-资本公积30=347.5(万元)
借:所得税费用 347.5
资本公积 30
递延所得税资P 17.5
贷:应交税费——应交所得税 257.5
递延所得税负债 137.5

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     Few laws are so effective that you can see results just days after they take effect. But in the nine days

since the federal cigarette tax more than doubled-to $1.01 per pack-smokers have jammed telephone "quit

lines" across the country seeking to kick the habit.

     This is not a surprise to public health advocates. They've studied the effect of state tax increases for

years, finding that smokers, especially teens, are price sensitive. Nor is it a shock to the industry, which

fiercely fights every tax increase.

     The only wonder is that so many states insist on closing their ears to the message. Tobacco taxes improve

public health, health, they raise money and most particularly, they deter people from taking up the habit as

teens, which is when nearly all smokers are addicted. Yet the rate of taxation varies widely.

     In Manhattan, for instance, which has the highest tax in the nation, a pack of Marlboro Light Kings cost

$10.06 at one drugstore Wednesday. Charleston, S.C., where the 7-cent-a-pack tax is the lowest in the

nation. The price was $4.78.

     The influence is obvious.

     In New York, high school smoking hit a new low in the latest surveys-13.8%, far below the national

average. By comparison, 26% of high school students smoke in Kentucky, Other low-tax states have similarly

depressing teen-smoking records.

     Hal Rogers, Representative from Kentucky, like those who are against high tobacco taxes, argues that the

burden of the tax falls on low-income Americans "who choose to smoke."

     That's true, But there is more reason in keeping future generations of low-income workers from getting

hooked in the first place, As for today's adults, if the new tax drives them to quit, they will have more to

spend on their families, cut their risk of cancer and heart disease and feel better.

1. The text is mainly about _____.

A. the price of cigarettes

B. tie rate of teen smoking

C. the effect of tobacco tax increase

D. the differences in tobacco tax rate

2. What does the author think is a surprise?

A. Teen smokers are price sensitive.

B. Some states still keep the tobacco tax low.

C. Tobacco taxes improve public health.

D. Tobacco industry fiercely fights the tax rise.

3. The underlined word "deter" in Paragraph 3 most probably means _____.

A. discarding

B. remove

C. benefit

D. free

4. Rogers' attitude towards the low-income smokers might be that of _____.

A. tolerance

B. unconcern

C. doubt

D. sympathy

5. What can we learn from the last paragraph?

A. The new tax will be beneficial in the long run.

B. Low-income Americans are more likely to fall ill.

C. Future generations will be hooked on smoking.

D. Adults will depend more on their families.

单项选择题