问题 阅读理解

Twenty-five years ago if you made a trip to the local library and searched for articles on globing warming, you’d probably come up with a few from the leading magazines in the world. As an Internet search on global warming now shows, the subject has become as rooted in people’s mind as Madonna or microwave cooking.

With the possible exception of another world war, a giant planet, or an incurable disease, global warming may be the largest danger to our planet. For decades human factories and cars have sent billions of tons of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, and the climate has begun to show some signs of warming. If steps are not taken soon to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide sent into the atmosphere, the result could terribly affect human life. We have already seen growing destruction, such as drought and death in Sudan, flooding in Asia, bush fires in Indonesia, and fierce winter storms in central Europe.

The Republic of Maldives is barely above sea level. Its 250, 000 citizens are scattered across 1,200 islands in the Indian Ocean. A strong typhoon could spell the end for the entire country, as sea levels could continue rising. The entire population would have to be moved away as the country disappears under the sea.

The greenhouse effect is a naturally occurring phenomenon that keeps our planet at a comfortable temperature averaging 60°F. Since the mid-nineteenth century, however, carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has increased nearly 30% because of the increased use of fossil fuels to run cars, heat homes and power factories. Without controlling, the amount of carbon-dioxide by 2100 may increase by 30%-150% and could lift the average global temperature by up to 2.5° F the next 50 years.

小题1:.

With the first paragraph, the author intends to       .

A.scold people for not paying enough attention to global warming

B.draw people’s attention to global warming

C.how to search for the articles on global warming

D.point out the serious effect of global warming小题2:.

Global warming could affect human life in the following ways EXCEPT       .

A.producing more greenhouse gases

B.causing more floods

C.making winter storms fiercer

D.starting more bush fires小题3:.

The Republic of Maldives       .

A.has moved away their citizens

B.will be more likely to be destroyed by a strong typhoon than by the rising sea level

C.is mostly likely to be destroyed by the rising sea level

D.will have to move away most of their population小题4:.

. Why is the Republic of Maldives especially mentioned in the passage?

A.Because smaller countries are easier to be affected by global warming.

B.Because seaside countries are in danger of disappearing.

C.Because it’s necessary to rescue a country before the sea level rises.

D.Because the serious result of global warming could end a whole country.小题5:.

. From the last paragraph, we can infer that greenhouse effect       .

A.can only affect the earth in an unfavorable way

B.is something easy to control

C.is caused by human act

D.will be good to us if it remains at a proper level

答案

小题1:.B

小题1:.A

小题1:.C

小题1:.D

小题1:.D

单项选择题

根据短文回答下列题:

近年来,在众多城市和工厂密布的珠三角地区,天空经常灰蒙蒙一片,大气能见度很差。

很多市民可能并不清楚,棕色云团正是能见度下降的“罪魁祸首”:棕色云团中的一些微小颗粒,会吸收阳光,或者将部分阳光反射回大气。联合国环境规划署的棕色云团报告就显示,自上世纪70年代以来,广州的日光强度已经下降了五分之一以上。

北京大学环境系教授张远航及其同事在珠三角地区进行的研究表明,珠三角空气有很多污染物,其中那些粒径小于2.5微米的细颗粒物(PM2.5),是造成能见度衰退的主要因素。而中国现行的空气质量国家标准中,却没有关于PM2.5的规定。我们每天在电视上或者报纸上看到的空气质量日报中所谓的“可吸人颗粒物”,仅指那些粒径小于10微米的颗粒物(PM10)。

联合国环境规划署的报告指出.每立方米PM2.5的浓度如果上升20微克的话,中国和印度每年就会有约34万人死亡。即使按照折中的估计,棕色云团相关的:PM2.5所致经济损失,也将分别占到中国GDP的3.6%以及印度GDP的2.2%。

除了影响空气质量和人类健康。棕色云团还可能影响气候。在很多情况下,棕色云团与全球不断增加的温室气体交织在一起,正在对区域乃至全球气候系统产生极大影响。

此外,棕色云团的成分非常复杂。其中硫酸盐等多种成分可以降温。而黑碳的成分正在加速喜马拉雅等地冰川的融化速度,因为黑碳沉降在冰雪上,会使冰雪颜色变暗,吸收热量的能力增强;黑碳还会加热空气。这些因素,都使得冰川融化加速。

然而,棕色云团对整个气候系统带来的影响,实际上比这复杂得多。它可以通过反射阳光和吸收热量减缓全球气温上升的幅度。如果棕色云团一夜之间消失,全球气温可能迅速上升多达2度,而这正是一些科学家认为地球还能容忍的最大升温幅度。

 

根据文章内容.下列说法正确的是:()

A.中国现行的空气质量国家标准有待改良

B.政府应该采取行动,充分利用棕色云团的复杂性,使之造福社会

C.为准确报告空气质量情况,中国应该提高空气质量检测技术水平

D.中国现有空气质量标准忽略PM2.5细颗粒物,是因为它对人体健康的危害较小

单项选择题