问题 论述题

(16分)2012年我国的城镇化率达到53%,取得了历史性的成就。城镇化健康发展关系现代化建设全局。

材料一 城镇化的核心是人的城镇化,即将农民转变为市民。把农民变市民,不仅仅是让进城农民拥有城市户籍,更重要的是要解决进城农民的工作、住房、子女入学和各种基本的社会保障,让进城农民享有市民待遇。

(1)运用政治生活知识回答,在促进农民向市民转变的过程中,政府应发挥怎样的作用?(8分)

材料二 城镇化是社会发展的必然趋势。在城镇化过程中发达国家积累了一些有益的经验。一些发展中国家在城镇化过程中盲目照搬发达国家大城市发展模式,一味追求城市发展的规模和速度,缺少统筹规划,导致两极分化现象严重,失业人口大量增加,贫民窟问题突出,住房、医疗和教育资源严重不足,犯罪率居高不下、社会秩序混乱等一系列社会问题。

(2)上述材料对我国城镇化的健康发展有何哲学启示?(8分)

答案

(1)①履行保障人民民主和维护国家长治久安的职能。维护进城农民合法权益,逐步打破城乡二元结构,促进社会和谐。(2分)②履行组织社会主义经济建设职能。大力发展经济,创造更多就业岗位。(2分)③履行组织社会主义文化建设职能。大力发展教育事业,加强职业技能培训。(2分)④履行杜会公共服务职能。完善各项杜会保障制度,解决进城农民生活中的实际困难。(2分)

(2)①遵循规律,按规律办事。城镇化要循序渐进,不能急功近利,一味追求城镇化的规模和速度。(3分)②坚持从实际出发,不能盲目照搬国外城镇化模式。(3分)(如从“具体问题具体分析”角度回答可同样给分。)③坚持系统优化的方法,对城镇化进程中的各个环节、各个方面进行统筹规划。(2分)

(评分说明:如果学生从矛盾双方对立统一角度回答,亦可酌情给分。)

题目分析:该题以城镇化建设为材料,(1)在城镇化过程中,政府如何发挥作用,换句话说,就是政府如何发挥其职能。学生从政府的四个具体职能,结合城镇化的特定情境加以联系即可。该题主要是考查学生对问题的解读和对课本基本知识的识记和理解。(2)有何哲学启示,就是回答方法论。要结合材料中一些国家在城镇化发展中的经验教训进行分析。可以选取的角度有:“盲目照搬发达国家模式”启示要一切从实际出发;“一味追求规模和速度”启示要遵循规律,循序渐进;“缺少统筹规划”启示要坚持系统优化方法。

阅读理解

In 2013, China chose “中国梦,”which means “Chinese dream,” as the Character of the Year to symbolize the overall feeling of the past 366 days. It’s easy to see why the word “dream” would be chosen as so many Chinese dreams have been recently realized: space exploration, a China-made aircraft carrier and a Nobel Prize-winning author.

Finishing national dreams makes us proud, but realizing personal dreams makes us worthy in our own eyes. Though the media would try to convince you, there is no set of “approved” dreams that we should all go after. Some may strive for money, fame and power, but others have more humble dreams that are just as important: learn English, study abroad, achieve inner peace, and be of service to humanity. It’s normal for people to create lofty New Year’s resolutions and just as normal to start strong and give up a few weeks later on our goals. How do we make sure that we achieve our dreams? Make your resolutions SMART and they’ll come true.

S — specific, detailed goals are easier to accomplish.

M— measurable goals enable you to complete a fixed amount of something.

A— achievable goals are possible, not ones that would take magic or miracles to accomplish.

R— relevant goals are meaningful to you.

T— time bound goals have an ending date. They’re not infinite. You know when you’re done.

Trip Bethel, a local college professor suggests that all goals should be positive and future-focused. “You can’t make a goal about being perfect. You’ll always disappoint yourself. But you can make a goal about perfecting your process. Then, you’re always on the way to a better life.”

Trip says many people write endless lists, but he just writes his resolutions once. He states them simply on a piece of paper and then puts the paper away for a year. “Often, when I look at the paper a year later, I’ve accomplished everything, or gotten close. There is something about writing things down that makes goals real and the opportunities to achieve them will come into your life.”

小题1:In 2013, China chose “__________” as the Character of the Year?

A.dream

B.smart

C.future

D.Chinese dream小题2:What if you finish our national dreams? We will feel___________.

A.worried

B.proud

C.worthy

D.excited小题3:What does “SMART” means? It means Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant and ____.

A.Together

B.Today

C.Time

D.Tomorrow小题4:What is the best title for the passage?

A.Dreaming in 2013

B.Dreaming Big in 2013

C.Dreaming Big in 2012

D.Dreaming in 2012

解答题