问题 问答题

第一段:同里张君以书来谓濂曰:“壬辰之秋↑①,兵发中原,大江之南,所在皆绎骚↑②,时惟伯嘉纳公持部使者节蒞浙东↑③,慎简群材↑④,官而任之,以保障乎一方。余虽不敏,公不以为无似↑⑤,俾摄录事判官↑⑥。判官职在抚治一城生聚↑⑦,凡其捍御绥辑之策↑⑧,不惮昼夜而勤行之,以酬公知遇之万一。然节宣之功不加,日积月深,以劳而致疾。疾之初作,大热发四体中↑⑨,继之以昏仆。迨其甦也,双目运眩↑⑩,耳中作秋蜱鸣,神思恍惚,若孑孑然离群而独立↑(11),若御惊飙而游行太空↑(12),若乘不系之舟以簸荡於三峡四溟之闲↑(13),殊不能自禁。闻丹溪朱先生彦脩医名徧四方,亟延治之。先生至,既脉曰:‘内摇其真,外劳其形,以亏其阴,以耗其生,宜收视返听於太虚之庭↑(14),不可专藉药而已之也。’因属其高第弟子贾君思诚留以护治之↑(15)。贾君即视余如手足之亲,无所不致其意:虑余怒之过也,则治之以悲;悲之过也,则治之以喜;喜之过也,则治之以恐;恐之过也,则治之以思;思之过也,则治之以怒。左之右之↑(16),扶之掖之,又从而调柔之。不特此也,其逆厥也↑(17),则药其涌泉以寤之↑(18);其怔忡也↑(19),则按其心俞而定之↑(20)。如是者数年,不可一朝夕离去。宁食不鲜羞,衣不裼裘↑(21),何可一日以无贾君?宁士不鲁邹↑(22),客不公侯↑(23),何可一日以无贾君?余疾於是乎告瘳,而贾君有功於余者甚大矣!子幸赐之一言,多贾君之善↑(24),而昭余之不敢忘德於贾君,不识可不可乎?”

答案

参考答案:

【注释】

①壬辰:公元1352年,农民起义军徐寿辉部先後攻下汉阳、武昌、兴国、江阴、安庆等地。

②绎骚:扰动。《诗•大雅•常武》:“徐方绎骚,震惊徐方。”

③伯嘉纳:人名。部使者:官名。节:符节。古时使臣执以示信之物。

④简:通“柬”。选择。材:通“才”。

⑤无似:不肖。

⑥摄:代理。录事判官:官名。录事司管理政务的长官,主管户民与捕逃。

⑦生聚:百姓。

⑧捍御:防御。绥辑:安抚集聚。

⑨四体:四肢。

⑩运眩:昏花。

(11)孑孑(jiéjié洁洁)然:孤单貌。

(12)惊飙(biāo标):暴风。

(13)三峡四溟:泛指峡湾海流。溟,海。

(14)收视返听:谓无视无听。太虚之庭:指清静虚无的境界。

(15)属:同“嘱”。贾君思诚:即贾思诚。宋濂《赠医师贾某序》:“贾思诚,濂外弟也,性醇介,有君子之行,尝同濂师事城南闻先生,学治经。久之,思诚复去受医说於彦修朱先生之门,诸儒家所著,无所不窥。出而治病,往往有奇验。”

(16)左之右之:谓左右翻身,以防生褥疮。左、右,使动义。之,自称,指张君。

(17)逆厥:谓突然昏倒,不省人事。

(18)涌泉:穴位名。位於足底中。

(19)怔忡:自觉心跳剧烈的证候。

(20)心俞:穴位名。位於第五胸椎棘突下两旁相去各1.5寸。

(21)裼(xī西)裘:此谓穿漂亮的衣服。用作动词。裼,裘上所加的外衣。

(22)鲁邹:谓像孔孟那样的圣人。孔子是鲁国人,孟子是邹国人。

(23)客:客卿。

(24)多:赞扬。

【今译】

同乡张君来信告诉我:“壬辰年秋天,中原地区发生战乱,长江以南民众奔走相告,引发骚乱,当时只有伯嘉纳公持部使者的符节来到浙东,慎重地选拔人才,委任他们作官,来保护浙东一带的百姓。我虽不聪明,但伯嘉纳公不认为我没有才学,让我代理录事判官之职。判官的职责在於安抚治理全城人口。凡是那些防御安抚集聚的筹划,我就不畏昼夜地努力执行它,一点一滴来报答伯嘉纳公对我的赏识重用。然而不注意劳逸的适当调节,日积月累,由於过度操劳而导致了疾病。疾病刚开始发作时,全身发高烧,接著就昏倒在地上。等到我苏醒之後,两眼眩晕昏花,耳中发出秋蟬般的鸣响,精神恍惚,好象离开人群孤单地站立,好象驾驭著暴风在太空中游荡,好象乘着没有栓缚的小船,在三峡四海中颠簸漂流,完全不由自主。听说朱丹溪先生医术名传天下,赶紧请他来为我诊治。朱先生到来,诊脉後说:‘在体内扰动了正气,在体外损害了身体,致使阴精亏缺,导致生机耗损。应该在清静无为的环境中闭目塞听地休养,意守丹田,不可以专门凭藉药物来治疗这病啊!’於是嘱托他高才弟子贾思诚留下来调护治疗我。贾思诚君看待我如同兄弟一样的亲密,无处不表现出情意:考虑我过於恼怒,就用悲哀的方法来调治;太过於悲哀,就用喜悦的方法来调治;喜悦过度,就用惊恐来调治;惊恐过度,就用思虑来调治;思虑过度,就用发怒来调治。我卧病在床时,他帮我左右翻身;下地行走时,他攙扶照料,还进一步来调理指导我活动肢体。不只是这些,当我突然昏厥时,就用药治疗我的涌泉穴来使我苏醒;当我感觉心跳剧烈时,他就按摩我的心俞穴以使我心跳平定。像这样治疗了数年,我一天也不能离开他。我宁愿不吃大鱼大肉,不穿锦衣裘皮,怎麽可以一天没有贾君呢?我宁肯结交的朋友中没有孔、孟那样的雅士,来客中没有公侯贵人,怎麽可以一天没有贾君呢?我的病就这样被治愈了,而贾君对我的功劳真是太大了!请您给我写篇文章,赞扬贾君的高尚品德,用来表示我不敢忘怀贾君的恩德,不知道可不可以?

问答题

Turkey’s Bodrum peninsula is different. The tourist boom in this part of the world (1) turned some small villages into resorts yet left neighbouring beaches undisturbed, making it quite (2) southern France or the Spanish Coasts where few stretches of coastline are undevelopeD.
The (3) for this happy set of circumstances is simple. For thousands of years, travel here (4) easier by boat than by lanD.So when mass tourism arrived in the (5) 1980s, there was no coast road for ribbon development to follow. So the peninsula, just (6) hour from Bodrum airport, has not become one long littoral of resort.
The building (7) new hotels has mainly been confined to places easily reached by then relatively (8) roads. Such ease of access has made Gumbet, near Bodrum, a busy resort, while the little fishing village of Gumusluk, 12 miles further west and only recently reachable by (9) , remains tranquil and undisturbeD.
It’s worth thinking carefully about location when planning a family (10) on the peninsulA.Choose a place that is centrally located, preferably out of earshot (11) Bodrum town’s "lively"—which means nosy—nightlife, and you can then use (12) area’s comfortably small scale to your advantage. Today’s new roads mean most places can (13) reached in under an hour by taxi or the ubiquitous dolmus-minibus.
The (14) of facilities at the Tamarisk Beach Hotel near the small village of Ortakent makes (15) a good base. The family-run hotel—rooms and suites are in two-storey buildings (16) by palm trees and flowers in terracotta pots—sits above its own sandy (17) beach, shaded by tamarisk trees and sheltered by nearby islands.
The hotel is (18) child-friendly, too. Children, from infants up to young teenagers, can take part in a (19) of games and activities that include tuition in windsurfing, dinghy (20) catamaran sailing.

多项选择题