问题 问答题 简答题

简述明中后期资本主义萌芽的出现。

答案

参考答案:

所谓资本主义萌芽,即资本主义生产关系开始产生,当然还很微弱,只是在封建社会内部稀疏地存在着。

明代后期,资本主义萌芽已在某些地方某些手工业中出现,如在苏州丝织业中最为明显。

此外,资本主义的生产关系也见之于其他手工业部门。如在松江棉布袜制造业中,即存在着包买商形式的资本主义经营。在浙江嘉兴县石门镇的榨油业中,也有资本主义生产关系的记载。该镇有油坊二十家,共有雇工八百余人,平均每家四十余人,对雇工按日计工资。这样的油坊可以看作资本主义性质的工场手工业了。又在广东韶州、惠州等处的冶铁业中,也有资本主义性质的经营方式。在云南的铜矿业中,也存在着资本主义性质的生产。

明代后期出现的资本主义萌芽,还只是个别的零散的现象。尽管如此,封建社会内部毕竟出现了属未来社会的新的生产力和生产关系的萌芽,这表明当时的社会已经处在封建制社会的末期了。

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     A mascot (吉祥物) is very important to an event. Do you know what the mascot of Shanghai World

 Expo 2010 is? Well, it is haibao. It can be seen almost everywhere in China now. The inspiration of the

design comes from a Chinese word "ren" which means people in English. It really looks like a man putting

up his hands and saying hello to everyone.

     The name, Haibao, comes from the Chinese phrase "Si Hai Zhi Bao". "Hai" means the sea in English,

and it also implies (隐含) that it was born in Shanghai. "Bao" is a lucky name in Chinese traditional culture.

The name not only means the treasure (宝藏) of the sea, but also means the treasure of Shanghai. Every

part of Haibao's body has its special meaning. For example, Haibao's hair is like the wave of the sea. Its

smiling face shows its friendliness. Haibao was designed by two artists, one from Shanghai and the other

from Taiwan. The design is very successful. It is very easy to remember and it also shows the theme of

Shanghai World Expo "Better City, Better Life". Haibao is confident, lovely and lively. It is a good

ambassador (形象大使) of Shanghai World Expo. It is welcoming friends all over the world with its

opening arms and friendly smile.

1. What's the meaning of the name" Haibao" in the passage?[ ]

A. It means sea water.

B. It means the Chinese word "ren".

C. It means the treasure of the sea and Shanghai.

D. It means a smiling face.

2. How many artists designed the mascot? [ ]

A. Two.

B. Three.

C. Five.

D. Eight.

3. What is the theme of Shanghai World Expo 2010? [ ]

A. Better City, Better Life.

B. One World, One Dream.

C. Welcome Home.

D. Share the Spirit.

4. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage? [ ]

A. Haibao has curly hair and a smiling face.

B. Haibao looks like a man saying hello to everyone.

C. The artists who designed Haibao come from the same place.

D. Haibao is a lucky name in Chinese culture.

单项选择题 A1/A2型题