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问题 推断题

(9分)兴趣小组的同学在开展“废物利用、减少污染”的活动中，取某工厂合金废料(含铝、铁、铜)进行如下实验：

(1)操作Ⅰ的名称是________；该操作需用到的铁制仪器为________________________。

(2)固体A的成分是________；操作Ⅱ反应的化学方程式为________________________。

(3)黑色固体C加适量稀硫酸反应的方程式为________________________。

(4)图中由含铝的钠盐制备氯化铝有两种途径，你认为合理的途径是________(填“Ⅰ”或“Ⅱ”)，理由是__________________________________________________。

答案

(1)过滤　铁架台(带铁圈)或三角架　(2)铁、铜　 Fe＋H2SO4＝FeSO4＋H2↑　(3)CuO＋H2SO4＝CuSO4＋H2O　(4)Ⅱ　途径Ⅱ没有引入新的杂质，得到的是纯净的氯化铝溶液(或途径Ⅰ引入杂质钠盐，得到的氯化铝不纯净)

由转化情况分析可知废料中的铝能和氢氧化钠反应生成含铝的钠盐，所以固体A中一定含有铁与铜，其中铁与硫酸可反应生成氢气，铜不反应，铜灼烧会生成黑色的氧化铜，氧化铜与硫酸反应会生成硫酸铜的蓝色溶液；途径I中没有去除钠盐的成分，而途径II则是让铝转化成了沉淀氢氧化铝，去除了钠盐，氢氧化铝与盐酸发生中和反应生成的氯化铝更纯净一些．

（1）操作I是分离固体与液体的操作应该是过滤，所用到的仪器有铁架台，三角架等．

（2）由D是蓝色溶液可知溶液中含有铜离子，则黑色固体是氧化铜，则固体B是单质的铜，合金与氢氧化钠反应后生成含铝的钠盐，则固体A中一定有铁与铜，因此可知固体A中的单质铁能与硫酸反应生成氢气，而铜不能．

（3）单质的铜灼烧会生成氧化铜，氧化铜与硫酸反应生成硫酸铜与水．

（4）途径I在反应过程中没有去除钠盐，所以制备的氯化铝中含有钠盐，而II能去除钠盐，所以氯化铝更纯净．

选择题

下列说法正确的是（　　）

A．纯碱不是碱

B．食盐不是盐

C．火碱不是碱

D．盐酸不是酸
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填空题

[A] Storytellers from antiquity knew the power of star-crossed romance, and so did Audrey Niffenegger. Her 2003 best seller The Time Traveler’s Wife is so plangent a tale of fatal love, with two adorable people fighting to beat the odds against them.
[B] Henry, you see, has the gift or curse of time-traveling: disappearing from one temporal and spatial reality to pop up, naked, in another. This science-fiction trope will be familiar to fans of The Terminator, but Henry is no action-fantasy god. He’s just a guy whose body has a wanderlust he can’t harness. That’s why, as he tells the besotted Clare, "I never wanted anything in my life that I couldn’t stand losing. " Of course they’re destined to be each other’s one and only loves.
[C] My friend and neighbor, the filmmaker Alan Wade, has a provocative explanation for why Titanic struck such a p and reverberant chord with hundreds of millions of moviegoers, especially women: the hero dies. OK, that breaks a cardinal rule of movie romance: that the lovers kiss happily at the final fade-out. Most examples of the genre end with that rosy image, in part because their makers are reluctant to bum out their audience.
[D] Henry (Eric Bana), who works in a Chicago public library, is in the reading room when a woman he’s never met walks up to him and says dewily, "I’ve loved you all my life. " She’s Clare (Rachel McAdams), a young artist, and in her past--Henry’s future-he has visited her and won her undying devotion.
[E] James Cameron must have been tempted to end his film with Leonardo DiCaprio’s Jack surviving the ship’s sinking and enjoying a long life with Kate Winslet’s Rose.
[F] That it’s surprising it took six years for it to get to the big screen. Maybe prospective producers were reluctant to buck the prevailing wisdom of a conventional happy ending. Anyway, here is the film version, directed by Robert Schwentke. It’s soppy enough to suit the requirements of the weepie genre, and there’s a music score that tries to cue all the emotions in viewers, as if they’re incapable of locating their own feelings. But the movie also has an aching solidity that allows you to surrender to its cuddly-creepy feelings without hating yourself in the morning.
[G] But Cameron realized that by killing off Jack, he was raising the movie’s stakes from domestic platitude to classic romantic tragedy. Jack’s death stamped both finality and immortality on the lovers’ shipboard tryst. Because he is gone, their love will live forever.
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