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慢性肾小球肾炎的降压治疗的原则和主要措施是什么?

答案

参考答案:

积极控制高血压是慢性肾小球肾炎治疗中十分重要的环节,因为高血压是加速肾小球硬化、促进肾功能恶化的重要因素。降压治疗的原则是:①力争把血压控制在理想水平:蛋白尿>1g/d,血压应控制在125/75mmHg以下;尿蛋白<1g/d,血压控制可放宽到130/80mmHg以下;②选择能延缓肾功能恶化、具有肾保护作用的降血压药物。主要措施为:①患者应限盐(<3g/d);②有钠水潴留容量依赖性高血压病患者可选用噻嗪类利尿药;③肾素依赖性高血压则首选血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂或血管紧张素Ⅱ受体拮抗剂,它们除具有降低血压作用外,还有减少尿蛋白和延缓肾功能恶化的肾保护作用,可作为慢性肾炎患者控制高血压的首选药物;④常用钙拮抗药,也可选用β受体阻断药。血压难以控制时可联合应用降压药。

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The "standard of living" of any country means the average person’s share of the goods and services which the country produces. A country’s standard of living, (1) , depends first and (2) on its capacity to produce wealth." Wealth" in this sense is not money, for we do not live on money (3) on things that money can buy. "Goods" such as food and clothing, and "services" such as transport and " (4) ". A country’s capacity to produce wealth depends upon many factors, most of (5) have an effect on one another. Wealth depends (6) a great extent upon a country’s natural resources. Some regions of the world are well supplied with coal and minerals, and have a fertile soil and a (7) climate; other regions possess none of them.

Next to natural resources (8) the ability to turn them to use. China is perhaps as well (9) as the USA in natural resources, but suffered for many years from civil and (10) wars, and (11) this and other reasons was (12) to develop her resources. (13) and stable political conditions, and (14) from foreign invasion, enable a country to develop its natural resources peacefully and steadily, and to produce more wealth than another country equally well (15) by nature but less well ordered.

A country’s standard of living does not only depend upon the wealth that is produced and consumed (16) its own borders, but also upon what is indirectly produced through international trade. (17) , Britain’s wealth in foodstuffs and other agricultural products would be much less if she had to depend only on (18) grown at home. Trade makes it possible for her surplus manufactured goods to be traded abroad for the agricultural products that would (19) be lacking. A country’s wealth is, therefore, much influenced by its manufacturing capacity, (20) that other countries can be found ready to accept its manufactures.

11()

A. for

B. because

C. because of

D. due to