问题 选择题

梳理化学知识有利于理解和记忆,使你的学习更轻松。以下内容完全正确的一组是 

 

A

物质的性质与用途 

B

安全常识
乙醇具有可燃性——可作燃料

N2性质稳定——可作灯泡填充气

NaHCO3能与酸反应——可治疗胃酸过多症

室内装修污染——由甲醛引起

煤气中毒——主要由CO2引起

工业用盐中毒——由NaNO2引起

 

C

区分常见物质 

D

日常生活经验
O2和CO2——用带火星的木条

KMnO4和CaCO3 ——观察颜色

Ca(OH)2溶液和NaOH溶液——用稀盐酸

食品干燥剂——常用CaO

将硬水软化——可用过滤法

清洗油污——用合成洗涤剂乳化

 

答案

答案:A

题目分析:根据常见物质的性质分析判断。

A、乙醇具有可燃性,燃烧时放出大量的热,故可作燃料;N2性质稳定,能作保护气,作灯泡填充气能延长其使用寿命;胃酸的主要成分是盐酸,NaHCO3能与盐酸反应生成氯化钠、水、二氧化碳,故可治疗胃酸过多症,所以正确;

B、二氧化碳无毒,只是不能供给呼吸,CO易与血液中的血红蛋白结合,且一旦结合就难以分离,使血红蛋白携氧能力降低,造成中毒,所以错误;

C、Ca(OH)2溶液和NaOH溶液都是碱溶液,与稀盐酸都能反应,且无明显现象,故二者不能用盐酸区分,所以错误;

D、过滤是把不溶性的固体和液体分开的方法,硬水中含有较多可溶的钙镁化合物,用过滤的方法不能把可溶的物质分离出来,所以错误。故选A

点评:化学来源于生产、生活,也服务于生产、生活,与生产、生活相关的化学知识,是中考热点之一,在学习过程中要理论联系实际,在实践中领会知识,运用所学知识去解决实际问题。

完形填空
Last weekends, my kids along with few other kids from the neighborhood volunteered to help me wash my car. My 10-year-old daughter came up with the idea of   31  other people’s cars as well. It was pretty   32  outside and I had no plans to   33  to be in the bright sun. She   34  wanted to give lemonade(柠檬汽水)to passersby for free. I had seen little kids  35  and sell fresh lemonade for a small cost but not free. Although I felt   36  , I decided to help her.  37 she asked me, “What if we   38  this a smile car wash?” I couldn’t hold back my tears and   39  her and the other kids to go outside the house and come up with   40  ideas. While I kept myself busy in drying the car, the gang walked up to me with a(n)   41  with beautiful images of smiles. They had “Free Car Wash” written on it and the   42 of their exercise was “smile”. It was pretty neat to see a team of kids ranging 5-11 years with the   43  to do something for others.
All that seemed   44  and came right from their heart. Nothing seemed to   45  to them: their playtime, the heat outside—they just wanted to   46  others and do something nice in the community!
I helped them make some fresh lemonade and brought out some additional   47  to help clean cars. The passersby were   48  and one even shouted back to them saying “God Bless You, my kids…” One of them even tried giving them 5 dollars, which they refused. A pretty heartwarming   49 ! I feel blessed by being   50  by such wonderful and loving souls.
小题1:
A.decoratingB.repairingC.washingD.drying
小题2:
A.dirtyB.hotC.differentD.quiet
小题3:
A.practice B.avoidC.continueD.suggest
小题4:
A.hardlyB.thereforeC.alreadyD.further
小题5:
A.serveB.enjoyC.buyD.choose
小题6:
A.difficultB.popularC.confusedD.worried
小题7:
A.LuckilyB.SimplyC.ThenD.Finally
小题8:
A.orderB.leaveC.makeD.show
小题9:
A.encouragedB.expectedC.invitedD.challenged
小题10:
A.familiarB.readyC.changedD.creative
小题11:
A.boardB.pictureC.ideaD.car
小题12:
A.purposeB.troubleC.secretD.theme
小题13:
A.needB.dutyC.imaginationD.skill
小题14:
A.importantB.disappointingC.hopefulD.natural
小题15:
A.matterB.objectC.belongD.refer
小题16:
A.relaxB.tryC.helpD.smile
小题17:
A.friendsB.ragsC.childrenD.Fruit
小题18:
A.interestedB.amazedC.boredD.frightened
小题19:
A.sceneB.giftC.storyD.explanation
小题20:
A.supportedB.understoodC.refusedD.surrounded
问答题