右侧是模拟呼吸的试验装置，根据图回答问题．
（1）图中①表示的是______，②表示的是______③表示的是______
（2）图______表示呼气，此时胸
廓的容积______，肺受到的压力______膈肌处于______状态．
（1）图中①玻璃管代表的是气管，②代表支气管，③小气球代表的是肺，⑤橡皮膜代表的是膈肌；④钟罩代表的是胸廓．
（2）吸气过程．吸气时，膈肌与肋间肌收缩，引起胸腔前后、左右及上下径均增大，胸廓的容积扩大，肺随之扩张，造成肺内气压减小，小于外界大气压，外界气体进入肺内，形成主动的吸气运动；当膈肌和肋间外肌舒张时，肋骨与胸骨因本身重力及弹性而回位，结果胸廓容积缩小，肺也随之回缩，造成肺内气压大于外界气压，肺内气体排出肺，形成被动的呼气运动．图中A膈肌顶部升高，肺缩小，表示呼气，图中B膈肌顶部下降，肺扩张，表示吸气．
故答案为：
（1）气管；支气管；肺
（2）A；缩小；大；舒张
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| Walking up to someone you don't know and starting a conversation is 1 to making new friends. Making small talk can also lead to important business relationships, but it takes confidence, 2 and practice. Do it well, and people will feel at ease with you and enjoy your 3 . So how can you learn the 4 of small talk? Before you go to a business convention or other 5 situation, prepare three things that you can talk about. It can be something in the news, a good movie or a popular sports team's recent win. Then you have a 6 to start with when you meet a new person. Also, don't wait for someone to 7 you. Look for someone who is standing alone, and start a conversation. Try a simple 8 that establishes some common ground like: "The food looks delicious." or"There sure are a lot of people here." Then introduce yourself,"Hi, I'm Helen. (Hold out your hand for a handshake.) I just moved here, and I love this weather." After you start a conversation, keep it going. Instead of asking questions that can be answered a yes or no, ask open-ended questions like "What do you think of the convention?" It's time to move on once you've made a good 9 . Be bright (smart and cheerful), be 10 (don't talk too long), be gone (there are more people to meet). | ||||
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