问题 阅读理解

The popular college rankings focus primarily on prestige as measured by the SAT scores of incoming students and how many applicants are turned away. An initiative(措施)started last fall by the Obama administration could help families go beyond these limited, and far too easily exploited, indexes to learn quickly and easily how a college is compared with its competitors nationally on important criteria like graduation rates, what a degree actually costs and how much debt a student can expect to run up by graduation day.

If the federal government makes it legally necessary to disclose this information in a clear and consistent(一贯的)way, as it should, families will be better able to make informed college choices. And this will help put pressure on colleges that perform poorly to improve.

Critics may regard this initiative as an example of government overreach. But given that the federal government spends nearly $190 billion a year on higher education aid to students, it has a legitimate interest in making sure that the money flows to the schools that best meet their responsibilities to families and students.

Congress has taken some steps to require greater transparency(透明)from colleges. The 1990 Student Right to Know Act, for example, required colleges and universities that receive federal aid to disclose graduation rates. And the 2008 Higher Education Opportunity Act required schools to offer a way for consumers to determine actual costs after student aid is taken into account.

But many colleges have done a poor job of obeying federal disclosure rules, and much of the available information is not in one place. The administration’s new efforts would enforce reporting requirements and provide some new tools.

President Obama wants to expand campus-based aid to about $10 billion from the current $2.7 billion. He has proposed moving money away from colleges that fail to control tuition increases or provide good value to others that do a better job. That is a worthy idea in principle, but he will need strong data-based evidence to determine how colleges are doing.

The transparency initiatives are a good place to start and should be embraced by both parties in Congress. If students and families, facing higher tuition and rising debt, are to make sound choices, they need more and better information.

小题1:Why did the Obama administration start the initiative last fall?

A.To require colleges to make their graduation rates known to the public.

B.To help colleges perform better in the future.

C.To help parents and students make better choices of colleges.

D.To put more pressure on colleges that are not doing well enough.小题2:Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A.Critics agree that the government should require colleges to obey the disclosure rules.

B.Congress has approved and made the transparency initiatives a law.

C.SAT scores alone do not determine one’s choice of college.

D.Students and families find it very difficult to choose their ideal colleges now.小题3:A most suitable title for the passage could be______.

A.Congress To Require Greater Transparency

B.What College Parents and Students Need to Know

C.What a Good College Is Measured By

D.Parents and Students Need to Make Wise Choices小题4:What attitude does the author hold towards the transparency initiative?

A.supportive

B.critical

C.indifferent

D.not stated

答案

小题1:C

小题2:D

小题3:B

小题4:A

小题1:细节理解题,根据文中语句“An initiative(措施)started last fall by the Obama administration could help families go beyond these limited, and far too easily exploited, indexes to learn quickly and easily how a college is compared with its competitors nationally on important criteria like graduation rates, what a degree actually costs and how much debt a student can expect to run up by graduation day.”理解可知。

小题2:细节理解题,根据文中语句“If the federal government makes it legally necessary to disclose this information in a clear and consistent(一贯的)way, as it should, families will be better able to make informed college choices.”理解可知。

小题3:理解归纳题,根据文中语句理解可知。

小题4:细节理解题,根据文中语句“That is a worthy idea in principle, but he will need strong data-based evidence to determine how colleges are doing.”理解可知。

问答题

某工程项目业主采用《建设工程工程量清单计价规范》规定的计价方法,通过公开招标,确定了中标人。招投标文件中有关资料如下所述。
(1) 分部分项工程量清单中含有甲、乙两个分项,工程量分别为4500m3和3200m3。清单报价中甲项综合单价为1240元/m3,乙项综合单价为985元/m3
(2) 措施项目清单中环境保护、文明施工、安全施工、临时设施等四项费用以分部分项工程量清单计价合计为基数。费率为3.8%。
(3) 其他项目清单中包含计日工3万元。
(4) 规费以分部分项工程量清单计价合计、措施项目清单计价合计和其他项目清单计价合计之和为基数,规费费率为4%,税金率为3.41%。
在中标通知书发出以后,招投标双方按规定及时签订了合同,有关条款如下所述。
(1) 施工工期自2007年3月1日开始,工期4个月。
(2) 材料预付款按分部分项工程量清单计价合计的20%计,于开工前7d支付,在最后两个月平均扣回。
(3) 措施费(含规费和税金)在开工前7d支付50%,其余部分在各月工程款支付时平均支付。
(4) 计日工于最后一个月按实结算。
(5) 当某一分项工程实际工程量比清单工程量增加10%以上时,超出部分的工程量单价调价系数为0.9;当实际工程量比清单工程量减少10%以上时,全部工程量的单价调价系数为1.08。
(6) 质量保证金从承包商每月的工程款中按5%比例扣留。
承包商各月实际完成(经业主确认)的工程量,如表2所示。

表2各月实际完成工程量表 单位:m3

3月 4月 5月 6月
900 1200 1100 850
700 1000 1100 1000
施工过程中发生了以下事件。
(1) 5月份由于不可抗力影响,现场材料(乙方供应)损失1万元;施工机械被损坏,损失1.5万元。
(2) 实际发生计日工3.5万元。
问题:

计算材料预付款。

填空题 案例分析题