问题 阅读理解

Enter a typical high school, and the first thing you see is the front office, where the principal dwells and grades are stored. The front office also reinforces familiar hierarchy(等级制度): principal at the top, teachers in the middle, kids on the bottom, sitting with hands folded at their desks.

Now, imagine a school where the organizational structure is completely flat. At the New Country School in Henderson, Minn, there is no front office. Visitors are immediately embraced by an airy atrium that is the centerpiece of this one-room schoolhouse. And all around the room, 124 students sit at desks — real office desks — working at their own personal computers on their own projects.

When Dee Thomas and her colleagues got together 15 years ago to design a new high school, they knew there was one thing that had to go: The bell. "You don't go into your job in the morning and say, 'OK, for the first 45 minutes of my job, I'm going to do the math part.' And then a bell goes off, and you do the social history part of your job. You don't do that," Thomas said.

There are no teachers at New Country. Every few weeks, students must present projects they've been working on to the rest of the school community. To prepare for their presentations, they gather at tables in the middle of the school atrium and present their work to their "advisers."

Kids at New Country test better than their peers on the state tests and on the pre-college ACT. The school sends 90 percent of its graduates to college. But that doesn't tell the whole story. New Country struggles to keep its seniors from leaving. The school's senior project is demanding — 300 hours of work.

But for some students, New Country offers a rare alternative, a choice they can't find anywhere else. And the school is constantly visited by educators from around the world looking for new ideas. That's the foundation of efforts to reform American high schools today — that there's a need to experiment with an institution that is failing millions of students

小题1:The author mentioned the typical high school in the first paragraph ___________.

A. to tell us what the typical high school is like in USA.

B. to present a sharp contrast with the experimental school, New Country.

C. to introduce the topic, New Country, of the passage.

D. to call on students to register in the typical high school

小题2:The following statements about New Country are all true except________.

A.New Country students sit in an open environment that looks a lot like a typical

office.

B.Students consult with "advisers", who "teach" in the traditional sense.

C.No bells in New Country, students choose how to spend their time.

D.No traditional classes, students work on projects they select themselves.小题3:Compared with typical high school, New Country is well received for its_________.

A.high test scores

B.alternative

C.comfortable conditions

D.teaching methods小题4:The passage mainly tells us __________.

A.experimental school gets rid of classes and teachers.

B.typical high school and experimental School.

C.new schools in future in America.

D.education reform in America.

答案

小题1:C

小题2:B

小题3:B

小题4:A

文章向我们讲述了一个没有单独的教室也没有老师的特殊学校。

小题1:推理题。作者首先提出the typical high school就是为了引出文章的中心New Country。

小题2:推理题。根据第4段最后一句they gather at tables in the middle of the school atrium and present their work to their "advisers. 并没有提出这些advisers要教他们。

小题3:细节题。根据文章最后一段第一行But for some students, New Country offers a rare alternative, a choice they can't find anywhere else.可知B正确。

小题4:主旨大意题。通读全文可知文章讲述了一个没有分开的教室与老师的学校。

填空题
阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面选文,完成问题。

自给自足的人体生物能发电

  ①随着煤炭、石油等资源日趋枯竭,环境恶化日趋严重,一些科学家为了开发更多的新能源,已把研究课题转向人类自身的生物能这一领域,利用人体生物能发电现已初见成效。

  ②人体中存在着一些化学物质,它们之间在发生反应时会产生化学能量。像新陈代谢过程中,葡萄糖和氧分子的反应就有能量释放出来。若稍加利用,这种能量就可以转化为电能。根据这一原理,科学家开始了人体生物电池的研究。

  ③据专家介绍,人体生物电池的电极是由两根长2厘米、直径约1/7000纳米的碳纤维制成,在每根碳纤维的外层还涂有一种聚合物,此外还有一种作为催化剂的葡萄糖氧化酶。聚合物的作用是将碳纤维与葡萄糖氧化酶连接成一个电路,而葡萄糖氧化酶则是用来加速葡萄糖与氧分子的化学反应。这种人体生物电池在37℃、PH为7.2的环境下工作,这很接近人体血液的温度和酸碱度。它产生的动力可以驱动一个监控糖尿病的小型传感器。

  ④人体生物能发电还有其他形式。当一个人坐着或站立时,就会持续产生重力势能。此时,若能采用特制的重力转换器就能将这种能转换成电能。美国有一家公司将发电装置埋在行人拥挤的公共场所,外面是一排踏板。当行人从板上走过时,体重压在板上,使与踏板相连的摇杆向另一个方向运动,从而带动中心轴旋转,使与之相连的发电机启动。

  ⑤除此以外,人体生物能中的热能也可被利用。人每天都要散发大量的热能,而且是通过辐射传播出去二一般一个50千克重的成年人一昼夜所散发的热量为2500千卡。利用人体的热能制成的温差电池,可以将人体的热能转换成电能。这种温差电池做得很精致,只要放在衣服口袋里就能工作。它可以起到电源的作用,给助听器、袖珍电视机、微型发电机等供电,可谓是自己发电自己使用。

  ⑥人体能源可以说取之不尽,用之不竭,而且没有污染。如此神奇的能源是我们每个人都具有的,充分利用它,将会为我们的社会节约更多的能源,希望这种新型的能源会越来越多地造福于人类。(选自《能源科学的奥秘》,有改动)

1.选文介绍了哪几种利用人体生物能发电的形式?

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2.研制人体生物电池依据的科学原理是什么?

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3.选文第⑤段加粗字“约”有什么作用?

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4.选文第④段运用了什么说明方法?有什么作用?

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