问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的文字,完成后面题。(10分)

怀念红狐

刘志成

①我家耕种的荒地离家足有二十里,我和爹锄了一天地往回赶时,看见了那只叼去我家一只鸡的红狐在不远的沙丘上站着,眨着水漉漉的两只菱形眼默默地望着我们。我的心里腾地起了一团火……

②红狐的出现是在十多天前的一个月夜里。出院撒尿的我,猛然间听见鸡窝里响起了几声惊恐的呱呱声。我揉了揉睡眼,还没反应过来,就见一团红艳艳的火团在眼前掠过,蹿上院墙,箭一样地消失在了茫茫的夜色里。我疑惑地走到鸡窝边,见地上洒了一滩扎眼的血。黄鼠狼叼鸡了,妈。我的声音惊动了屋里的母亲,她点了煤油灯出来查了鸡窝,叹了口气说丢了只花母鸡。那是只红色的黄鼠狼,我说。那是狐,娃。母亲用满是无奈的声音纠正了我的错误后,回屋去了。那只老母鸡原打算卖了给娃攒学费的……母亲的唉声叹气混着爹响响的抽烟声飘出屋来,让我暗恨自己怎么当时就没手脚伶俐点逮住那家伙……

③现在红狐就在那沙丘上站着。偷鸡贼,我今天非逮住你不可。我气恼地迈开小腿向狐追了过去。狐双腿一跃,迎面闪过我,蹿到爹身边,似要挑逗爹去追,见爹不理,长嗥着在我们周围绕着圈子。娃你不要追了,这畜牲的窝就在附近,说不准还能扒一窝狐崽子哩。爹你怎知道?你没看见这畜牲肚皮下的奶袋子鼓鼓胀胀吗?爹自信地说。

④果然,我们很快就发现附近的一个沙圪坨里有一黑土硬圪台,圪台下迎西有一洞。爹把耳朵贴在洞口听,我也学着爹的样子凑了上去,听见了几种不均匀的呼吸声。红狐见我们用小锄往外扒土,长嗥着蹲在十多步外,双眼流下泪来,乞求地望着我们。很快,我们就看见了四只狐崽,圆乎乎的蜷成一团,像小绒球,亮亮的眼珠子像小星星一样,扑闪扑闪地望着我们。我用布衫襟子捧起它们的时候,明显感到它们在颤抖。

⑤红狐一路尾随着我们,凄凉地干嚎着,我布衫襟子上的四只小狐崽此刻也哀鸣不止。我不耐烦地赶了它几次都赶不走,直到快进村时,它才站定,干嚎着望着我们。我的心一软,想放下狐崽,犹豫间忽然想起那只预备我学费的花母鸡来,遂把心一横向红狐狠狠唾了一口唾沫,转头追上了爹。

⑥四只狐崽只有一个多月,还没断奶。它们通体雪白,只有鼻头和尾巴发红。母亲用玉米面糊糊每天喂它们,间或也到邻居家讨些羊奶给它们改善一下伙食。红狐偷鸡是为了这四个小狐崽子吧?我越来越喜欢这四只狐崽,常逗着它们玩。这种人狐和谐相处的局面刚刚维持了不久,一个月光朗朗的半夜里,院中突然响起了长嗥声。我从熟睡中醒来,扒起窗子上的猫眼洞布向院中一看,只见那只红狐在那里昂着头长嗥。屋里的四只小狐也哀鸣起来,屋里屋外的狐叫声凄凉地响成一片。我跳下地,拉开门,红狐退到了院中,哀鸣着伏下前腿。我发现红狐已比那日见时瘦了许多,双目黯然无神,表情呆滞,眼角隐隐有泪痕。一股悲哀突然袭击了我,母亲抱了四只狐崽,轻轻放到了大门外,红狐迫不及待地叼起狐崽看了看我们,消失在了茫茫的夜色中

⑦很多年后,红狐哀痛的叫声还清晰地回响在我的耳边,轻轻地触到了我的记忆,让我变得伤怀不已。我曾经试着将那份感动讲给一些城市的朋友分享,但他们一脸漠然,我知道一种东西在生活中已经走了,它再也不会回来了……

(选自《中华散文》有删改)

小题1:请结合具体的情节发展说说“我”对红狐态度的变化过程。(3分)

小题2:文章第四段着意描写了狐崽“圆乎乎地蜷成一团,像小绒球,亮亮的眼珠子像小星星一样,扑闪扑闪地望着我们”,“我用布衫襟子捧起它们的时候,明显感到它们在颤抖”,试分析这样写的作用。(3分)

小题3:文章最后一段说“我知道一种东西在生活中已经走了,它再也不会回来了”,说说“一种东西”可能指的是什么。(4分)

答案

小题1:①红狐偷吃了原打算卖了给我攒学费的老母鸡,“我”由此痛恨红狐;②“我”遭遇红狐,抓狐崽,母狐哀鸣,“我”不为所动;③喂养狐崽的过程中,我越来越喜欢红狐的四只狐崽;④“我”被红狐的母爱深深感动。(评分标准:每点1分,写出其中三点即得满分。)

小题2:①运用比喻和细节描写,形象生动地写出了狐崽的弱小和可爱,表明“我”当时被这四只狐崽打动了;②为后文写“我”越来越喜欢狐崽和为红狐的母爱而感动埋下伏笔(或作铺垫与暗示)。(评分标准:回答出手法及作用得2分,回答出结构上的作用“伏笔”得1分。)

小题3:人类同情、悲悯的情感;人和动物(大自然)的亲近机会。评分标准:每点2分,共4分,大致意思对即可。

小题1:

题目分析:此题可在整体感知文章内容的基础上,梳理文章脉络层次,按照文章情节的发展,从文章中提示性的语句中加以概括即可。如第一段“我的心里腾地起了一团火…”表现“我”痛恨红狐;第三、四、五段写我抓狐崽,“凄凉地干嚎着…把心一横向红狐狠狠唾了一口唾沫”表现了我不理会红狐的哀鸣;第六段“我越来越喜欢这四只狐崽,常逗着它们玩。”“哀鸣着伏下前腿。我发现红狐已比那日见时瘦了许多,双目黯然无神,表情呆滞,眼角隐隐有泪痕。一股悲哀突然袭击了我,”表现了作者被红狐的母爱感动。

小题2:

题目分析:此题可从表现手法的角度来分析我对红狐的态度变化及情感,从内容和结构上来分析其在文章中的作用。“像小绒球,亮亮的眼珠子像小星星一样”运用了比喻和细节描写的表现手法,在内容上,能生动形象的表现出我对红狐幼崽的喜爱之情。在结构上,可从为下文写我喜爱小红狐和被红狐母爱感动埋下伏笔的角度分析作答。

小题3:

题目分析:此题要在感悟文章内容大意的基础上,从文章主题的角度和写作目的等角度来分析作答。文章最后一段“我曾经试着将那份感动讲给一些城市的朋友分享”一句中“感动”是指被红狐的母爱所感动,体现的是作者的同情心和悲悯的情感,“分享”是指作者想讲述这种能体现同情心和悲悯的情感的故事,“但他们一脸漠然”是指他们根本不屑一顾,由此可得出,走了的“一种东西”可能指的是同情心和悲悯的情感、人与自然的亲近机会。

选择题
阅读理解

There’s a time to get angry, and it’s best for your child if you do. Let’s say your child hits a playmate with a toy hard enough to make the other child cry. How can you teach your child to feel sorry so he or she won’t do it again? Researchers say the best way for parents to react(反应)is to show their anger and to let the child know exactly why they are mad.

  Many parents believe that it is best to control their feelings and to wait until they’re calm before scolding their children. But the mother or father who explains reasonably to a child , “Peter was crying because you hit him,” is not likely to attract much attention. Young children need to be scolded immediately, and strongly, before they’ll take criticism (批评)to heart.

  When your young child does something wrong, scold him or her seriously at once. At the same time be sure to tell the child clearly what he or she has done wrong. An angry reaction without an immediate explanation does little good. Forbidding a child to play outside or not allowing him to watch TV as a punishment works well-but only when taken together with an explanation. Make sure your child understands that although his or her wrongdoing has made you angry, you still love him or her. Use simple, direct words such as, “You hurt peter. How would you feel if he hit you? You must never, never hurt people.” If your voice expresses strong feeling clearly, your message will carry enough weight.

小题1:According to researchers, how should parents react when their child did something wrong?

A.Ask the child not to do it again any time.

B.Show the child how angry they are and tell him why.

C.Teach the child why and how to say sorry to others.

D.Let the child know you still love hime or her.小题2:What do many parents think they should do with the wrongdoer?

A.Calm themselves down before scolding him.

B.Hide their feelings when talking to him.

C.Explain immediately why he was wrong.

D.Speak strongly and angrily to him.小题3:What could be the best title for the text?

A.Different Ways to Deal with Children’s Wrongdoings

B.Differences among Parents in Dealing with Children

C.Best Ways to Stop Children’s Wrongdoings

D.Research on Preventing Children from Hurting Others