问题 填空题

据如图回答问题.

(1)图1表示呼吸过程中______ 时的状态,此时,膈肌______,胸廓______,肺内气压______ 外界气压,气体被______.

(2)图2表示呼吸过程中______ 时的状态,此时,膈肌______,胸廓______,肺内气压______ 外界气压,气体被______.

答案

(1)图(一)箭头向下,表示膈肌顶部下降,此时膈肌收缩,胸廓大,膈肌顶部位置低,因此图(一)表示呼吸过程中的吸气过程.吸气时,膈肌与肋间肌收缩,引起胸腔前后、左右及上下径均增大,胸廓扩大,肺随之扩大,造成肺内气压小于外界大气压,外界气体被吸入肺内,形成主动的吸气运动;

(2)图(二)箭头向上,表示膈肌顶部上升,此时膈肌胸舒张,胸廓较小,膈肌顶部位置高,因此表示呼气时的状态,此时,膈肌当膈肌和肋间外肌舒张时,肋骨与胸骨因本身重力及弹性而回位,结果胸廓缩小,肺也随之回缩,造成肺内气压大于外界气压,肺内气体被呼出,形成被动的呼气运动.

故答案为:

(1)吸气;收缩;扩大;小于;吸入;

(2)呼气;舒张;缩小;大于;呼出.

阅读理解

阅读短文,按要求完成短文后的各项任务。(10分)

My dear friends, what do you often do at the weekends or on holidays? Do you like going hiking? Most people enjoy hiking, especially in spring or autumn.

Hiking is a healthy activity. But do you know why many people like going hiking? The reason why people go hiking is different from each other. Here are some of the most important reasons for people to hike.

First, hiking is a kind of good _______, and it is good for your _______ and not hurt your body. You can relax(放松) yourself during the hiking. And you can get fresh air, too.

(1)Second, hiking is easy and cheap. All you need to do is to wear a pair of hiking shoes to start.

(2)At last, hiking is the best way to get away from your everyday life. You could hike alone or go with your family or your good friends. And you can have a picnic together during hiking.

So why not plan your hiking day right now? Let’s go hiking together!

小题1:在(1)句的空白处分别填入一个适当的词使句意完整、上下文通顺。

________  _______

小题2:将(2)句译成中文。

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小题3:回答问题:How many reasons for hiking are there in the passage?

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小题4:在文中找出与You just need to wear a pair of trainers to start your hiking. 意思相近的句子。

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小题5:在文中找出最能表达该短文主题的句子。

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单项选择题