问题 推断题

有一固体混合物M,已知其中可能含有Ba(OH)2、Na2CO3、Na2SO4、NH4Cl、FeCl3五种物质中的两种或多种.按照下图所示进行实验,出现的现象如图中所述(设过程中所有可能发生的反应都恰好完全进行).

试根据实验过程和现象做出判断,填写以下空白:

(1)气体A的化学式    ;把气体D通入紫色石蕊试液中,石蕊变   色.

(2)写出过程②发生反应的化学方程式                                        

(3)原混合物M里,还不能确定的物质是           (写化学式);要确定它是否存在,请简述你的设计方案:                                                                  

(4)农业生产中常用铵态氮肥补充土壤中的氮元素,根据实验步骤①带给你的启示,请你为使用铵态氮肥提出合理化建议                                                           

答案

(1)NH3;红

(2)BaCO3+H2SO4=BaSO4↓+H2O+CO2

(3)Na2SO4;在步骤②中加入足量的稀硝酸,观察白色沉淀是否全部溶解。

(4)防潮,并且不能与碱性肥料混合施用

题目分析:(1)有无色气体A生成,说明一定有Ba(OH)2、NH4Cl,氢氧化钡和氯化铵反应生成氯化钡和水和氨气,因此A是氨气;D是二氧化碳,二氧化碳和水反应生成碳酸,碳酸能使紫色石蕊试液变红色。

(2)有白色沉淀B,在B中加入稀硫酸生成无色气体D和白色沉淀E,说明B中一定有碳酸钡,硫酸钡可能有也可能没有,因为碳酸钡和硫酸反应生成生成硫酸钡白色沉淀和水和二氧化碳。

(3)原混合物M里,还不能确定的物质是硫酸钠,因为硫酸钡可能有也可能没有,要确定它是否存在,设计的方案是:在步骤②中加入足量的稀硝酸,观察白色沉淀是否全部溶解。

(4)根据实验步骤①的启示,使用铵态氮肥时:要防潮,并且不能与碱性肥料混合施用。

单项选择题
填空题

Motivation is "the driving force within individuals that impels them to action." And goals are the sought-after results (1) motivated behavior.
Motivation can be either positive or negative (2) direction. We may feel a driving force toward some object or condition, (3) a driving force away from some object or condition. For example, a person may be impelled toward a restaurant to fulfill a need, hunger, and away (4) an airplane to fulfill a need of safety. Some psychologists refer to positive drives (5) needs, wants or desires, (6) negative drives as fears or aversions. (7) , though negative and positive motivational forces seem to differ dramatically (8) terms of physical and sometimes emotional activity, they are basically similar in (9) they both serve to initiate and sustain human behavior. (10) this reason, researchers often refer (11) both kinds of drives or motives as needs, wants and desires.
Goals, (12) , can be either positive or negative. A positive goal is one toward (13) behavior is directed and it is often referred to as an approach object. A negative goal is (14) from which behavior is directed away and it is sometimes referred to as an avoidance object. Since both approach and avoidance goals can be considered objectives of motivated behavior, most researchers refer to (15) types simply as goals. Consider this example. A middle-aged woman may wish to remain (16) attractive as possible. Her positive goal is to appear desirable, and (17) she may use a perfume advertised to make her irresistible. A negative goal may be to prevent her skin (18) aging, and therefore she may buy and use face creams. (19) the former case, she uses perfume to help her achieve her positive goal -- attractiveness; in the (20) case, she uses face creams to help avoid a negative goal -- wrinkled skin.