问题 多项选择题 案例分析题

患者女,72岁。2月前出现头痛伴乏力,1个月前乏力加重,伴纳差,恶心,无腹痛、腹泻,无发热,无咳嗽、咳痰。1周前劳累、生气后出现恶心加重伴呕吐,精神萎靡、嗜睡。查体:体温36.4℃,脉搏56次/分,呼吸16次/分,血压90/55mmHg。精神萎靡,双侧瞳孔等大等圆,口唇无发绀,颈无抵抗,粗测视野:双颞侧偏盲。甲状腺及心肺腹查体无异常。四肢肌力正常,病理征阴性。既往有高血压和桥本病。G2P2,否认产后大出血病史,产后均正常哺乳。绝经16年。

该患者的主要治疗措施包括()

A.静脉给予糖皮质激素

B.即刻开始口服甲状腺激素

C.静脉给予利尿剂

D.静脉给予0.9%氯化钠溶液

E.静脉给予高张氯化钠溶液

F.静脉给予10%葡萄糖溶液+短效胰岛素

G.心电监护

答案

参考答案:A, D, F, G

解析:

1.垂体腺瘤MRI显示垂体增大常呈不对称性,常呈延迟的轻度强化,而周围正常腺体组织强化明显,从而形成“充盈缺损”征象;较大的垂体腺瘤常造成垂体柄倾斜、移位,而很少引起垂体柄增粗。垂体增生MRI表现为垂体弥漫性增大,呈等信号。实质信号均匀,呈均匀强化,较大时垂体柄上抬、移位。实验室检查垂体各项指标正常或增高即可鉴别垂体增生。而自身免疫性垂体炎MRI检查垂体表现为弥漫性增大、信号大致均匀,增强呈明显强化。

2.目前患者由于应激诱因存在垂体危象前期的表现,故应静脉给予糖皮质激素。甲状腺激素的补充应在糖皮质激素应用后数天给予。

多项选择题
单项选择题

I got a job teaching special education at a school in Coachella, California, a desert town about 170 miles from home. It was no (1) job. Street gangs (2) around the school after dark."Be careful," Dad warned me during one of my frequent weekend (3) home. He was concerned about my living (4) , but I needed to be on my own.One evening, I stayed after school to rearrange my classroom. (5) , I turned out the light and closed the door. Then I (6) toward the gate. It was (7) ! I looked around. Everyone had gone home.After (8) all the exits, I found just enough (9) to squeeze under a gate in the back of the school. Then I walked toward my car, parked in a field behind the building.Suddenly I heard voices. I (10) around and saw at least eight boys following me. (11) my pace, I reached into my shoulder bag to get my key. I (12) all over the inside of my handbag. But the key wasn’t (13) ! Dear Lord, please help me, I prayed (14) . Suddenly, my fingers touched a loose key in my purse. I didn’t even know if it was for my car, but I took it out and (15) it. It worked!I opened the door, slid in and locked it—just (16) the teenagers surrounded the car. Trembling , I started the engine and (17) away. When I returned to my apartment, the phone was ringing. It was my Dad. I didn’t tell him about my experience; I didn’t want to (18) him. "Oh, I forgot to tell you!" He said, "I had a(n) (19) car key made and slipped it into your purse—just (20) you ever need it.

第(14)空应选择()

A.loudly

B.nervously

C.carefully

D.silently