问题 论述题

读图表 晓国情

材料一:我国人均资源占有量、单位GDP能耗、CO2排放总量与其他国家对比表

我国资源的人均占有量占世界平均水平的比重(世界平均=100%)我国创造单位GDP能耗为其他国家(组织)的倍数(倍)我国与其他国家CO2排放总量对比(亿吨)

天然

石油日本欧盟美国俄罗

中国日本
79%40%25%6.5%6.1%95.53.36.61274
材料二:“月朦胧,鸟朦胧,空气雾霾浓。”2013年中国多地遭遇“十面霾伏”,京津冀地区尤重。对此,李克强要求:“对环境不欠新账,多还旧账。”深化环保领域的改革是建设生态文明的有效推动力。

(1)材料一反映了什么问题?

(2)“对环境不欠新账,多还旧账”,体现了什么发展理念?

(3)深化环保领域的改革有何意义?

(4)雾霾面前,我们应反思哪些生活习惯增加了“环境负荷”。为此,我们应如何改变?

答案

(1)我国人均资源占有量较少,能源结构不合理(或GDP能耗高),我国CO2排放量很高,高污染的工业生产模式不利于我国经济的发展等。

(2)可持续发展。(或人与自然和谐相处)

(3)有利于落实节约资源、保护环境的国策;有利于实施可持续发展战略;有利于贯彻落实科学发展观;有利于建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会;有利于全面建成小康社会;有利于建设美丽中国;有利于增强全民的环保意识、生态意识;有利于营造保护环境、爱护生态的良好风尚等。

(4)理智消费、绿色出行、绿色生活等。(或具体回答,如:不使用一次性物品,使用布袋购物等)

本题第(1)问要认真观察图表中的文字及数据变化,归纳出材料一中的图表反映的我国资源环境方面存在的问题。“对环境不欠新账,多还旧账”体现了保护环境、改善环境的可持续发展理念。

第(2)问根据这一分析回答。

第(3)问要从多角度运用学科术语来概括。

第(4)问答出有利于保护环境、改善空气质量的做法即可。

阅读理解

Tui Na and Your Emotional Health

In Traditional Chinese Medicine the body, mind and spirit cannot be divided and so the unique whole-body treatment in Tui Na can also be a use­ful treatment correcting any imbalances in the body's energy before symptoms and disease can de­velop. It also works to restore emotional harmony as well as physical health. This is why after a Tui Na treatment many people "feel good". Many peo­ple in China use Tui Na regularly to keep healthy and to deal with some specific illnesses.

Tui Na is performed on the clothed body and the patient is either lying on a couch or sitting on a chair. Therapists using a variety of strokes or movements will control the intensity and direction of pressure in an exact way. The unique rolling movement in Tui Na is one of the most difficult strokes to learn and students have to practice sometimes for many months on a rice bag before they are allowed to practice on the human body.

Stress

Tui Na is of course very useful for treating stress.

It distributes the energy around the whole body. It is be­lieved that Tui Na moves the strong energy in the tense muscles to the weaker areas, thus making a more balanced body. When your Qi (energy in the body) flow is balanced you feel relaxed and comfortable. Tui Na is especially useful for stiff shoulders and tense neck muscles.

Emotions

In Traditional Chinese Medicine each major organ is linked to an emotion. By balancing the energy in the organ, the relevant emotion will be calmed. When your emotions are out of control, you would usually turn to your doctor or perhaps a psychotherapist. But perhaps some people would not like to be seeing a psychotherapist or feel nervous about discussing their problems with others. With Tui Na one does not need to tell the therapist anything one does not want to. The treatment of Tui Na can deal with the problem itself — although if one does need to talk, then the safe space is there to do so. An active dialogue between the therapist and the patient will help to get a better effect.

How the major organs rule your emotions

Each major organ — the heart, the stomach, the spleen, the liver, the bladder, the kidneys, the lungs, etc. — is linked to a relevant emotion.

The heart is linked to joy, excitement and sadness. If the heart is out of balance, the patient may dream a lot at night and often forget something important in the day.

The stomach and spleen are connected with too much thinking or wor­rying — over anxiety. When the stomach is out of balance there is often a lack of energy. The patient often feels very tired and has no interest in do­ing anything at all.

The liver and gall bladder are linked to anger. In Chinese Medicine the eyes are connected with the liver, and many people who suffer from an­ger often suffer from eye problems. The gall bladder rules decision-making and too much energy here can lead to rashness, while if there is too little it can bring about indecision. Where there is a history of depression, the therapist would look to the liver.

The bladder and kidneys are linked to fear of all kinds, from simple anxieties and phobias to vague fears and worries.

The lungs are connected with feelings of grief and sadness. When there is a history of grief, the therapist would look to the lungs.

Tui Na is used in almost all the hospitals in China and very popular among Chinese people. It is a useful and valuable method of restoring Qi balance, when emotional and physical health is out of balance. Tui Na is one of the remaining secrets of Chinese Medicine.

小题1:According to the passage, which statement is TRUE about Tui Na?

A.Tui Na is a whole-body treatment and can't be divided into different parts.

B.Tui Na can be used to balance the diseases before they can develop in the body.

C.Tui Na can bring back not only physical health but also emotional health.

D.Tui Na only makes people "feel good" but do not actually cure disease.小题2:How can the emotion be calmed?

A.By linking the organ to an emotion.

B.By telling the therapist anything one does not want to.

C.By discussing their problems with others.

D.By balancing the energy in the relevant organ.小题3:When the stomach is out of balance,  .

A.the patient will have a stomachache

B.the patient will have a lot to worry about

C.the patient will have nothing to do

D.the patient will not feel like doing anything

单项选择题