问题 推断题

民间流传用硝土和草木灰作原料来制取硝酸钾.硝土中含有硝酸钙和氯化钠物质,草木灰的主要成分是碳酸钾.制作的工艺流程主要如图所示:

(1)③⑤⑦均为操作X,该操作是      

(2)结合图,分析工艺流程中用加热蒸发方法得到氯化钠晶体,而用冷却结晶法得到硝酸钾晶体的原因                                                

(3)写出生成白色沉淀B的化学方程式:                                 

(4)用含硝酸钙为50%的硝土40kg与草木灰混合,按上述工艺流程,理论上能制取硝酸钾的质量是         kg(保留1位小数).

(5)溶液D可以重复使用的原因是                          

答案

⑴过滤       

⑵NaCl的溶解度受温度变化的影响较小,而KNO3的溶解度受温度变化的影响较大

⑶Ca(NO32+K2CO3═CaCO3↓+2KNO3

⑷24.6

⑸滤液中仍有较多的KNO3

题目分析:硝土中含有硝酸钙和氯化钠物质,草木灰的主要成分是碳酸钾,加水搅拌,硝酸钙与碳酸钾反应生成碳酸钙沉淀和硝酸钾,经“过滤”除掉碳酸钙沉淀;氯化钠和硝酸钾混合溶液A加热蒸发,“过滤”得氯化钠和热溶液C硝酸钾,硝酸钾热溶液冷却至室温“过滤”得硝酸钾晶体和溶液D(溶质为硝酸钾),再回收利用。

(1)③⑤⑦均为操作X,该操作是将固体和液体分开,为过滤;

(2)由溶解度的曲线图可知:NaCl的溶解度受温度变化的影响较小,用加热蒸发方法得到氯化钠晶体;而KNO3的溶解度受温度变化的影响较大,用冷却结晶法得到硝酸钾晶体;

(3)硝土中含有硝酸钙和氯化钠物质,草木灰的主要成分是碳酸钾,加水搅拌,硝酸钙与碳酸钾反应生成碳酸钙沉淀和硝酸钾;正确书写此反应的化学方程式;

(4)已知硝酸钙为50%的硝土40kg,则硝酸钙为20kg,根据化学方程式Ca(NO3)2+K2CO3═CaCO3↓+2KNO3利用反应的质量比可求出理论上能制取硝酸钾的质量;

(5)硝酸钾热溶液冷却知室温得硝酸钾晶体和溶液D(溶质为硝酸钾),溶液D还有较多的硝酸钾,故可重复利用。

问答题

Guanghua Company (Guanghua) and Dongda Company (Dongda) entered into a cooperation agreement to build a building jointly. They agreed that Guanghua would provide all the funds for the construction and hold half of the building, while Dongda would provide the land-use right for construction and also hold half of the building after construction; the ownership of the building would be held jointly by the two parties, but would be registered under the name of Dongda. They also stated in the agreement that any disposal of the building must only be decided with the written consent of both parties.Having completed the construction of the building and the registration of real estate, the two companies divided and held their parts of the building in light of the agreement. Several months later, in order to expand its business Dongda mortgaged the whole building to an Investment Co for RMB 10 million yuan. The mortgage agreement, registered by the parties, stipulated that if Dongda failed to pay off the principal and interest, the building would be automatically transferred to Investment Co. In doing so Dongda did not notify this transaction to Guanghua.Due to its unsuccessful new business, Dongda was unable to repay the principal and interest, Investment Co requested the transfer of the ownership of the building in light of the mortgage agreement but was refused by Dongda. Investment Co filed a lawsuit requesting the court to support this transfer. Having heard this information Guanghua also took a legal action based on the cooperation agreement, requesting the court to confirm its ownership to the building.Required:Answer the following questions in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Property Law of China and give your reasons for your answers:

(a) State whether Investment Co was a lawful mortgagee to the building. (3 marks)

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