Several animal species including gorillas in Rwanda and tigers in Bangladesh could risk extinction if the impact of climate change and extreme weather on their habitats is not addressed, a UN report showed on Sunday.
Launched on the sidelines of global climate negotiations in Durban, the report by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization shows how higher temperatures, the rise in sea levels, deforestation and excessive land use have damaged the habitats of certain species, especially in Africa.
“Many ecosystems have already been stressed by increasing population, historical and recent deforestation, unsustainable management practices and even invasive (入侵的) species,” Eduardo Rojas-Briales, assistant director general at the FAO's forestry department, said at the launch of the report.
The most affected areas include mountains, isolated islands and coastal areas, which limit the possibilities for animals to migrate elsewhere and create new habitats.
“The remaining populations become surrounded in very small ecosystems, they have inbreeding (近亲交配) problems ... and at the end these species may disappear,” he added.
Other examples of affected animals included elephants in Mali, lions in the Serengeti and crocodiles in Malawi.
The report said an estimated 20-30 percent of plant and animal species will be at higher risk of extinction due to global warming and a significant proportion of native species may become extinct by 2050 as a consequence.
Other consequences could include the spread of invasive species and infectious diseases, it said.
The report urges more focus on restoration of damaged ecosystems, especially those key to dealing with climate change such as mangroves(红树林), inland waters, forests, savannahs(非洲大草原) and grasslands.
The FAO also called for the creation of migration corridors for animals in areas where their movement was limited.
The organization said while more resources were flowing to biodiversity conservation, more action at the government and policy level was needed.
It also urged local communities to develop projects that mitigate the impact of climate change on wildlife, naming eco-tourism activities as an example.
小题1:What does the author tell us in Paragraph 2?
A．The theme of global climate negotiations in Durban.
B．The subject of research done by Eduardo Rojas.
C．Causes of damage done to ecosystems.
D．Harmful effects of damage done to ecosystems.小题2:Why are animals living in mountains, islands and coastal areas most affected?
A．They are frequently attacked by invasive species and infectious diseases.
B．They have difficulty finding enough food for survival.
C．They can hardly find mates to produce their young.
D．They have little chance of moving to other places.小题3:To avoid extinction of some animal species, the UNFAO suggested all the following ways EXCEPT ______.
A．restoring damaged ecosystems
B．limiting world population growth
C．creating movement channels for animals
D．urging governments and local communities to take action小题4:What does the underlined word “mitigate” in the last paragraph mean?
A．increase or further improve something.
B．Make full use of something.
C．Make something become less serious.
D．Move from one place to another.小题5:What would serve as the best title for the passage?
A．Animals at risk due to climate change.
B．Global warming and its consequences.
C．Climate change and ecotourism.
D．Solutions to animal distinction.
小题1:C
小题2:D
小题3:B
小题4:C
小题5:A
题目分析：本文主要讲述的是全球气候的变化对野生动物的影响，文章中举了很多具体的例子来进行详细地说明。也提出了该如何来解决这些问题的具体的建议。
小题1:C 段落大意题。根据本段2,3，4行how higher temperatures, the rise in sea levels, deforestation and excessive land use have damaged the habitats of certain species, especially in Africa.可知本段是讲述的是导致生态破坏的具体的原因。故C项正确。
小题2:D 细节题。根据文章第四段The most affected areas include mountains, isolated islands and coastal areas, which limit the possibilities for animals to migrate elsewhere and create new habitats.可知在mountains, isolated islands and coastal areas，动物迁徙的机会很少，故D正确。
小题3:B 细节题。根据文章最后3段The FAO also called for the creation of migration corridors for animals in areas where their movement was limited.和The organization said while more resources were flowing to biodiversity conservation, more action at the government and policy level was needed.以及 It also urged local communities to develop projects that mitigate the impact of climate change on wildlife, naming eco-tourism activities as an example.说明ACD三段都是文章中提及的方法和途径，只有B项文章没有涉及。
小题4:C 推理题。根据It also urged local communities to develop projects that mitigate the impact of climate change on wildlife, naming eco-tourism activities as an example.可知这个组织敦促当地国家发展一些计划来减少气候变化对野生动物的影响。故该词是指C项内容。
小题5:A 主旨大意题。本文主要讲述的是全球气候的变化对野生动物的影响，文章中举了很多具体的例子来进行详细地说明。也提出了该如何来解决这些问题的具体的建议。故A正确。
点评：本文主要讲述的是全球气候的变化对野生动物的影响，文章中举了很多具体的例子来进行详细地说明。也提出了该如何来解决这些问题的具体的建议。要求考生在阅读理解整体语篇的基础上，把握文章的真正内涵。要吃透文章的字面意思，从字里行间捕捉有用的提示和线索，这是推理的前提和基础;要对文字的表面信息进行挖掘加工，由表入里，由浅入深，从具体到抽象，从非凡到一般，通过分析、综合、判定等，进行深层处理，符合逻辑地推理。不能就是论事，断章取义，以偏概全。要忠实于原文，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据。
