问题 问答题

如图所示,在两根劲度系数都为K的相同的轻质弹簧下悬挂有一根导体棒ab,导体棒置于水平方向的匀强磁场中,且与磁场垂直.磁场方向垂直纸面向里,当导体棒中通以自左向右的恒定电流时,两弹簧各伸长了△l1;若只将电流反向而保持其他条件不变,则两弹簧各伸长了△l2,求:

(1)导体棒通电后受到的磁场力F的大小?

(2)若导体棒中无电流,则每根弹簧的伸长量△l3为多少?

答案

(1)导体棒受竖直向下的重力mg,两弹簧竖直向上的拉力f=2K△l1

电流自左向右时,由左手定则可知,安培力F=BIL,导体棒静止,

处于平衡状态,由平衡条件得:mg=2K△l1+F…①

电流自右向左时,由左手定则可知,安培力F=BIL竖直向下,

此时两弹簧竖直向上的拉力f=2K△l2,导体棒静止,

处于平衡状态,由平衡条件得::mg+F=2K△l2 …②

由①②解得:F=K(△l2-△l1);  

(2)当导体棒中没有电流时,棒受到竖直向下的重力mg,

竖直向上的两弹簧的拉力2K△l3,棒静止,处于平衡状态,

由平衡条件得:mg=2K△l3…③

由①②③解得:△l3=K(△l1+△l2

答:(1)导体棒通电后受到的磁场力F的大小为K(△l2-△l1).

(2)若导体棒中无电流,则每根弹簧的伸长量△l3为K(△l1+△l2).

阅读理解

阅读下列短文,根据要求完成下列问题。

Dear Mike,

    We got your letter yesterday. Yes, we can visit you at Christmas. We thought to spend (度) Christmas

at home, but now we are going to be with you. Jack will not be in school then.

    The weather in Chicago is cold, but is doesn't matter. Sometimes we like the snow.

    We got our plane tickets. We will get to your city on the 18th. We will stay with you for two weeks.

Is that all right with you?

    We'll take our favourite recipes (食谱), so we can have a nice Christmas dinner.

    See you soon. 

                                                                                                                                   Love

                                                                                                                                  Mom and Dad

根据短文内容用适当的单词完成下面句子(每空一词)。

1. This letter is from Mike's                .

2. In Chicago, it is                now.

3. Mike's parents will go to his city by               .

4. His parents will come back on                31st.

5. Mike and his parents will                a nice dinner on Christmas Day.

判断题