问题 问答题 简答题

简述四行程往复活塞式发动机的工作过程?

答案

参考答案:

四行程往复活塞式发动机在工作时有下列四个连续的过程周而复始地进行着:

第一行程:进气(吸气)活塞由上止点向下止点移动(即曲线轴由O0沿顺时针方向转到1800)。进气门开启,排气门关闭。气缸内充满工作混合气(或空气)

第二行程:压缩,活塞由下止点移动

到止点(即曲轴由1800转到3600),进、排气门均关闭。气缸内工作混合气被压缩升温。

第三行程,作功,活塞由上止点移动到下止点,进、排气门均关闭(即曲轴由3600转到5400),这一行程开始时,工作混合气被点燃或压燃,体积迅速膨胀,气缸内产生极高的温度和压力,推动活塞下行作功。

第四行程:排气,活塞由下止点再次移动到上止点(即曲轴由5400转到7200),进气门关闭,排气门打开。气缸内的废气被活塞挤压由气门排出。

这四个行程中,第三行程是作功行程,其它三个行程都是辅助行程,为下一个作功行程作准备工作。

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阅读理解

Today, roller skating is easy and fun.But a long time ago, it wasn’t easy at all. Before 1750, the idea of skating didn’t exist. That changed because of a man named Joseph Merlin. Merlin’s work was making musical instruments. In his spare time he liked to play the violin. Joseph Merlin was a man of ideas and dreams. People called him a dreamer.

One day Merlin received an invitation to attend a fancy dress ball(化装舞会). He was very pleased and a little excited. As the day of the party came near, Merlin began to think how to make a grand entrance at the party. He had an idea. He thought he would get a lot of attention if he could skate into the room.

  Merlin tried different ways to make himself roll. Finally, he decided to put two wheels under each shoe. These were the first roller skates. Merlin was very proud of his invention and dreamed of arriving at the party on wheels while playing the violin.

  On the night of the party Merlin rolled into the room playing his violin. Everyone was astonished to see him. There was just one problem. Merlin had no way to stop his roller skates. He rolled on and on. Suddenly, he ran into a huge mirror that was hanging on the wall. Down fell the mirror, breaking to pieces. Nobody forgot Merlin’s grand entrance for a long time!

1.The text is mainly about ________.

A.a strange man              B.an unusual party

C.how roller skating began     D.how people enjoyed themselves in the 18th century

2.People thought Merlin was a dreamer because he _________.

  A.often gave others surprises      B.was a gifted musician

C.invented the roller skates      D.was full of imagination

3.Merlin put wheels under his shoes in order to ________ .

A.impress the party guests      B.arrive at the party sooner

C.test his invention         D.show his skill in walking on wheels

4.What is the main point the writer is trying to make in the last paragraph?

A.The roller skates needed further improvement. 

B.The party guests took Merlin for a fool.

C.Merlin succeeded beyond expectation.       

D.Merlin got himself into trouble.