1839年，林则徐便委托美国医生伯驾和袁得辉合译瑞士法学家艾默瑞奇·德·瓦特尔的著作《万国公法》中有关战争、封锁、扣船部分的内容，这是“中国对西方国际法最早的翻译”。此举的实质是（ ）
A．引导人们开眼看世界
B．开展禁烟运动
C．宣传依法治国的理念
D．维护国家主权
答案：D
题目分析：材料反映了林则徐委托翻译的《万国公法》中有关战争、封锁、扣船部分的内容，这是“中国对西方国际法最早的翻译”，结合所学鸦片战争的背景，可以得出，林则徐此举的实质是利用国际法来应对英国，以维护国家主权。故选D。
Millions of people around the world cook their food over smoky fire every day.It is often difficult to find wood for the fire .People who do not have wood must spend large amounts of money on cooking fuel. However, there is a much easier way to cook food using energy from the sun. Solar cooker, or ovens,have been used for centuries.A Swiss scientist made the first solar oven in seventeen sixty-seven. Today ,people are using solar cookers in many countries around the world. People use solar ovens to cook food and to heat drinking water to kill bacteria and other harmful organisms. There are three kinds of solar ovens.The first is a box cooker, It is designed with a special wall that shines or reflects sunlight into the box .Heat gets trapped under a piece of glass or plastic covering the top of the cooker. A box oven is effective for slow cooking of large amonts of food. The second kind of solar oven is a panel cooker. It includes several flat walls.or panels.that directly reflect the sun’s light onto the food. The food is inside a separate container of plastic or glass that traps heat energy. People can build panel cookers quickly and with very few supplies. They do not cost much.In Kenya ,for example ,panel cookers are being manufactured for just two dollars. The third kind of solar oven is a parabolic cooker.It has rounded walls that aim sunlight directly into the bottom of the oven .Food cooks quickly in parabolic ovens .However, these cookers are hard to make.They must be re-aimed often to follow the sun .Parabolic cookers can also cause burns and eye injuries if they are not used correctly. You can make solar ovens from boxes or heavy paper. They will not catch fire. Paper burns at two hundred thirty-two degrees Celsius. A solar cooker never gets that hot. Solar ovens cook food at low temperatures over long periods of time. This permits people to leave food to cook while they do other things. 1.What is the main purpose of the author in writing the passage? A.To tell the readers how to make solar ovens. B.To advertise the solar ovens. C.To give the readers brief introduction of solar ovens. D.To help readers to save cost on fuel. 2.According to the passage we can conclude that ______. A.panel cooker is the cheapest oven of the three B.panel cooker is easy to make C.box cooker is easy to make D.box cooker is the most effective oven 3.If you have much food to cook ,you’d better choose .
A.solar cookers are dangerous to use B.solar cookers don’t burn while cooking C.solar cookers cost less than other cookers D.Swiss often use solar cookers while cooking |