问题 单项选择题

风是人们司空见惯的一种自然现象。人类对风的认识,更多的集中在它的破坏力上,至于说到对风的利用.只好用屈指可数来形容了。 

1978年的夏天,在加利福尼亚的海滩上.绿色和平国际的前总干事斯蒂文.索耶和他的朋友立起了一只实验用的风力发电机,居然使风能成为世界上发展最快的能源之一。在过去的20多年里,风电平均每年以约30%的速度增长。截至2004年底,世界风力发电装机容量总和为4604.8万千瓦。其中德国名列榜首,总装机容量1650万千瓦;美国第二总装机容量680万千瓦。风力发电在世界能源格局中已占有一席之地。 

目前,风电这个词在很多国家是能源领域具有“超前意识”的代名词。尽管在电力专家眼里尚无任何一种能源利用方式是纯粹环保的,比如说.石油和煤炭等化石燃料污染空气,核电站的核废料存在安全隐患,水力发电影响渔业,风力发电则会影响到鸟类的生存等等。但在环保主义者眼中,风能发电堪称是近乎完美的能源利用方式了,它不存在任何污染,可以大量减少全球温室气体的排放。根据欧洲风能协会2005年6月30日发布的《风力12》报告,到2020年,全球风电装机总容量预计可以达到1250百万千瓦,风力发电可占到全世界用电总量的20%。这个数字意味着全球温室气体二氧化碳的年排放量将减少110亿吨。从这个角度讲,风电的俗称“绿电”,确也名副其实。 

如果说“绿电”的概念还只是停留在环保的层面,对风能的另一个特点__取之不尽、用之不竭,却是可以提高到战略高度来认识的。同油、气、煤炭等传统能源相比.风能资源丰富且不受储量的限制。特别是在当今油价飞涨、全球性能源危机凸显的时代,这一特点更显出其独特的优势。也正是因为如此,欧美和日本等一些发达国家,中国、印度等一些发展中国家,把风能的开发利用已经提升到国家能源战略的重要地位。据透露,欧盟的风电产业政策已经出台,英国、西班牙等欧洲国家的风电产业配套政策甚至已经做到了2050年。 

在风电发展的20多年里.价格偏高一直使它饱受反对者的抨击。另外,风电还存在着性能、市场不稳定等因素。目前,风力发电在各国电力来源中所占比例很低,即使在比例最高的丹麦,也不过占到20%。德国大约是6%,美国只有1%。至于中国,风电装机容量仅占全国电力装机容量的0.14%,至今也没有跨过产业化这道坎儿。 

任何一种新生事物都有一个成长的过程。风力发电在世界范围内仍处于起步阶段,无论是技术还是市场都还不够成熟,它的产业化、特别是在发展中国家的推广和应用,的确还有一段很长的路要走。对于这样一种有利于可持续发展、有利于环保、有利于能源战略安全的能源方式,除了政府的鼓励引导、专家和业界的努力,目前更需要人们的耐心和信心。

下列对造成“风力发电在各国电力来源中所占比例很低”的原因的概括,不恰当的一项是()。

A.各国还没能将风力发电产业化

B.风力发电因价格偏高而受到反对者的抨击

C.风力发电在世界范围内还处于起步阶段,技术与市场还不够成熟

D.各国人民对风力发电还缺乏耐心和信心

答案

参考答案:A

解析:

解析∶由文中“也正是因为如此,欧美和日本等一些发达国家,中国、印度等一些发展中国家,把风能的开发利用已经提升到国家能源战略的重要地位。据透露,欧盟的风电产业政策已经出台,英国、西班牙等欧洲国家的风电产业配套政策甚至已经做到了2050年”以及“至于中国,风电装机容量仅占全国电力装机容量的0.14%,至今也没有跨过产业化这道坎儿”可以看出,中国还没有将风力发电产业化,而有些发达国家已经将风力发电产业化。所以答案为A。其它各项均属于原因。

单项选择题 B型题
阅读理解

It is a wonderful morning, as I write this: hot, but without being too hot.Outside my window, I can see the sunniest sky of the year reflected in a huge natural expand of water.It is the kind of sun that makes you well aware of summer's temporary nature a reminder that if I am ever to go around to book this year's holiday, time is running out.

It is now close to four years since I last took a holiday.This is because I have come to the conclusion, over the course of my adult life, that I am not very good at it.You might say this sounds like saying you are not very good at drinking tea or listening to music.What could possibly be difficult about the natural act of putting your working life on hold for a couple of weeks and going somewhere to do nothing?

So what is my problem? On the surface, I'm probably a bit of homebody.And I just find the pressure of being on holiday too severe: it always feels like having a gun held to my head and being forced to have fun.Somehow, packing a carefully itemized(详细列举的)list of possessions and meeting a scheduled flight has none of the excitement of suddenly deciding to take a day off and driving somewhere for the fun of it.

Thankfully, I am not alone. This summer, most of my friends have decided not to have a break. And a recent survey highlighted the downside(负面)of holidays, with the results showing that nearly two thirds of people found that the calming effects of a holiday wore off within 24 hours, as stress levels returned to normal.And this year's the Idler magazine published its hook, Awful Holidays.Here you will find a list of the five most ecologically-damaging vacations it's possible to take, along with 50 horrible holidays experiences voted for on the idler website. Over the last decade, The Idler has become well known for promoting the idea of an easy, lazy life.The leisure(休闲)industry might seem an unlikely target of its criticism, but Dan Kienan, the book ' s editor, says that he was flooded with entries from readers for his list of awful holidays.

小题1:According to the first paragraph we can know that the writer        

A.has a strong desire to book a holiday

B.wishes that the weather would change

C.finds it is too late to enjoy the sunshine

D.realizes it's time to decide whether to go on a holiday小题2:The reason why the writer dislikes going on holidays is that         

A.it usually costs too much money

B.he is tired of making preparations too much for holidays

C.it is far less enjoyable than breaks planned in advance

D.he feels embarrassed when other people are having fun but he isn't小题3:We can learn from the survey that        

A.most people pretend to enjoy their holiday

B.all people fail to relax while they are on holiday

C.a lot of people feel that the benefits of going on holidays are limited

D.many people have made the same decision as the writer and most of his friends小题4:The writer takes the book of Awful Holidays as an example to       

A.damage the reputation of the magazine

B.prove the idea of living an easy, lazy life to be wrong

C.indicate that his dislike of holidays is widely shared

D.focus entirely on bad personal experiences of holidays