问题 问答题 简答题

国际财务管理的目标有哪些?企业应该如何设定自己的财务管理目标?

答案

参考答案:

(一)一般目标:

财务管理目标是企业财务目标一样,其管理目标与供的目标是一致的,是国际企业经营目标在财务上的集中和概括。如何具体设定公司财务管理的目标,在理论界有以下几种代表性的意见。

(1)利润最大化:以利润最大化为目标,是指通过国际企业财务管理活动,不断增加公司利润,使公司利润达到最大。

(2)股东财富最大化:以股东财富最大化为目标,是指通过公司财务管理,在考虑货币时间价值和风险报酬的情况下,不断增加公司财富,从而使股东的财富达到最大。

(3)公司财富最大化:与股东财富最大化相对立的是由欧洲大陆和日本股票市场特点引出的公司目标是公司财富最大化。公司财富的定义比金融财富的定义要广泛得多。金融财富主要指现金、有价证券以及信贷额度,而公司财富除金融财富之外,还包括公司的技术、市场、人力资源、市场状况,以及在技术和管理过程中的雇员的知识和技能、企业的管理和营销。

(二)特殊目标:

以上三个观点都是一半财富管理的目标,由于国际企业具有其特有的特点,因此它还有其特定目标。

(1)合并收益最大化:国际企业在不同国家开设分公司或子公司,可以充分利用东道国政府提供的优惠政策,适时进行投资、筹资以及各类生产经营活动。因此,力争使投资收益最大化,融资成本最低化,并充分利用内部转移价格实现资金有效调配,以实现全球收益最大化是国际财务管理的基本目标。

(2)经营风险最低化:汇率变动风险是国际企业面临的最主要风险。所以理解外汇风险的性质、掌握规避风险的技能与技巧,将经营风险降至最低,是国际企业财务管理的主要目标。

(3)国际税负最小化:国际企业的税收管理是一项重要而且复杂的工作,利用东道国政府提供的税收优惠政策,建立全球税收系统,使各公司的税负最小化,也是国际财务管理的目标之一。

填空题

When I was growing up, I was embarrassed to be seen with my father. He (1) severely crippled and very short, and when we would walk together, his hand on my arm (2) balance, people would stare. I would inwardly be afraid (3) squirm at the unwanted attention. If he ever noticed or was bothered, he never let (4) .
It was difficult to coordinate (5) steps - his halting, mine impatient - and because of that, we didn’t say much as we went along. But as we started out, he always said, "You (6) the pace. I will try to adjust to you. "
Our usual walk was to or (7) the subway, which was how he got to (8) . He went to work sick, and (9) nasty weather. He almost never missed a day, and would (10) it to the office even if (11) could not: a matter of pride!
He never talked about himself as an object of pity, (12) did he show any envy of the more fortunate or able. What he looked for in others was a "good heart", and if he found one, the owner was good enough for him.
Now that I am older, I believe that is a proper standard (13) which to judge people, even though I still don’t know precisely (14) a "good heart" is. But I know the times I don’t have one myself.
He has (15) gone many years now, but I think (16) him often. I wonder if he sensed my reluctance to be seen with him during our (17) . If he did, I am (18) I never told him how sorry I was, how unworthy I was, how I regretted it. I think of him when I complain about trifles, when I am (19) of another’s good fortune, when I don’t have a "good heart".
At such times I put my hand on his arm to regain my (20) , and say, "You set the pace, I will try to adjust to you.\

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