问题 名词解释

抛补的利率平价

答案

参考答案:

指汇率的远期升贴水率近似等于两国货币利率之差。高利率国的货币在远期外汇市场上必定贴水,低利率国的货币在该市场上必定升水。

解析:

利率平价理论可分为无抛补利率平价理论(Uncovered Interest Rate Parity,UIRP)和抛补的利率平价理论(Covered Interest Rate Parity,CIRP)两部分。关于两者的不同之处,有人认为,二者对投资者的风险偏好所做的假定不同,无抛补利率平价理论假定投资者风险中性,而抛补的利率平价理论假定投资者厌恶风险。但也可以这样来理解:在无抛补利率平价理论中,投资者的行为存在一定的风险性;而在抛补的利率平价理论中,投资者以远期外汇市场为依托,实施的是无风险的套利行为。

无抛补利率平价理论:本国居民持有一单位本国货币,既可以将其存放于国内银行按国内利率取得收益,也可以将其按即期汇率S(直接标价法)兑换成外国货币投放国外银行,以便按外国利率取得收益。假定预期将来某个时点(比如年末)的汇率为Se,r为以本币计价的资产收益率(年率),r*为外币计价的资产收益率,则有:

(1+r)=(1+r*)

令ΔSe为预期的汇率变动率,则由,上式可改写为:

(1+r)=(1+r*)(1+ΔSe)=1+r*+ΔSe+r*ΔSe

若r*ΔSe→0,则有:

ΔSe=r-r*

于是,无抛补的利率平价理论的结论是:

①本国利率高于(低于)外国利率的差额就是本国货币预期贬值(升值)的幅度。

②高利率国的货币会产生贴水的预期,低利率国的货币会产生升水的预期。如果国内利率较国际利率水平相对提高,则资金将流入国内牟取利润。

抛补的利率平价理论:与无抛补利率平价理论相比,在抛补的利率平价理论中投资者可套利,即可以在期汇市场上反向交易远期外汇合同(掉期交易),以确定在到期日交割时所使用的汇率水平。

由于套利者利用远期外汇市场固定了未来交易时的汇率,从而避免了汇率风险。即有:

(1+r)=(1+r*)

其中,F为期汇交易的交割汇率。

令ΔF为远期(或期货)外汇的汇率变动率,则由ΔF=,上式可改写为:

(1+r)=(1+r*)(1+ΔF)=1+r*+ΔF+r*ΔF

若r*ΔF→0,则有:

ΔF=r-r*

于是,抛补的利率平价理论的结论是:

①本国利率高于(低于)外国利率的差额就是远期外汇市场上本国货币的贬值(升值)幅度。

②高利率国的货币在远期外汇市场上必定贴水,低利率国的货币在该市场上必定升水。如果国内利率较国际利率水平相对提高,则资金将流入国内牟取利润。

完形填空
My sister and I grew up in a little village in England. Our father was a struggling   16 , but I always knew he was   17 . He never criticized us, but used   18  to bring out our best. He’d say, “If you pour water on flowers, they flourish. If you don’t give them water, they die.” I   19  as a child I said something   20  about somebody, and my father said, “   21  time you say something unpleasant about somebody else, it’s a reflection of you.” He explained that if I looked for the best   22  people, I would get the best   23 . From then on I’ve always tried to   24   the principle in my life and later in running my company.
Dad’s also always been very   25 . At 15, I started a magazine. It was   26  a great deal of my time, and the headmaster of my school gave me a   27 :stay in school or leave to work on my magazine.
I decided to leave, and Dad tried to sway me from my decision,   28  any good father would. When he realized I had made up my mind,  he said, “Richard, when I was 23, my dad   29   me to go into law. And I’ve   30  regretted it. I wanted to be a biologist,   31  I didn’t pursue my   32 . You know what you want. Go fulfill it.”
As   33  turned out, my little publication went on to become Student, a national   34  for young people in the U.K.  My wife and I have two children, and I’d like to think we are bringing them up in the same way Dad   35  me.
小题1:
A.biologistB.managerC.lawyerD.gardener
小题2:
A.strictB.honestC.specialD.learned
小题3:
A.praiseB.courageC.powerD.warmth
小题4:
A.thinkB.imagineC.rememberD.guess
小题5:
A.unnecessaryB.unkindC.unimportantD.unusual
小题6:
A.AnotherB.SomeC.AnyD.Other
小题7:
A.onB.inC.atD.about
小题8:
A.in caseB.by turnsC.by chanceD.in return
小题9:
A.reviseB.setC.reviewD.follow
小题10:
A.understandingB.experiencedC.seriousD.demanding
小题11:
A.taking upB.making upC.picking upD.keeping up
小题12:
A.suggestionB.decisionC.noticeD.choice
小题13:
A.andB.asC.even ifD.as if
小题14:
A.helpedB.allowedC.persuadedD.suggested
小题15:
A.alwaysB.neverC.seldomD.almost
小题16:
A.ratherB.butC.forD.therefore
小题17:
A.promiseB.taskC.beliefD.dream
小题18:
A.thisB.heC.itD.that
小题19:
A.newspaperB.magazine C.programD.project
小题20:
A.controlledB.comfortedC.remindedD.raise
单项选择题 案例分析题