问题 解答题

如图是刘凯同学饲养的一条金鱼,请结合所学知识,回答下列问题:

(1)金鱼的体形为______,有利于减小______.

(2)金鱼的体表覆盖有鳞片,有______作用;皮肤能分泌______,有利于减小阻力.

(3)金鱼用______呼吸,它运动时前进的动力主要来自______.金鱼的尾鳍和胸鳍都能______,背鳍的主要功能是______.

(4)饲养金鱼的鱼缸应放在______的地方,还应加入少量的河沙和水草,才能保证金鱼的正常生活.这样的鱼缸相当于一个微型的______.

答案

(1)鱼的身体头部和尾部较尖,躯干部宽大,身体侧扁呈梭形,可以减少鱼在水中运动时的阻力.

(2)鱼的体表有鳞片能分泌粘液具有保护作用还可以减少水的阻力;

(3)鱼的呼吸器官是鳃,吸收水中的溶解氧;鱼的运动器官是鳍,其中背鳍有保持鱼体侧立,对鱼体平衡起着关键作用;腹鳍起平衡,防止左右摆动的作用; 尾鳍可以决定运动方向,又能同尾部一起产生前进的推动力; 臀鳍有协调其它各鳍,起平衡作用;胸鳍起平衡和转换方向的作用;然而鱼体向前游动时的动力主要是来自躯干部和尾部的摆动.

(4)生态系统是在一定的空间范围内,生物与环境形成的统一整体.它是由生物部分和非生物部分组成,鱼缸里的水草属于生产者,金鱼属于消费者,河泥里有细菌和真菌属于分解者,非生物部分有阳光、空气、水等,因此,这样的鱼缸可以看作是一个生态系统.

故答案为:(1)梭形;阻力

(2)保护;粘液

(3)鳃;尾部和躯干部的左右摆动; 尾鳍可以决定运动方向,又能同尾部一起产生前进的推动力,胸鳍起平衡和转换方向的作用;保持鱼体侧立,对鱼体平衡起着关键作用

(4)阳光照射;生态系统.

阅读理解

Air travel is such an everyday experience these days that we are not surprised when we read about a politician having talks with the Japanese Prime Minister one day, attending a meeting in Australia the following morning and having to be off at midday to sign a trade agreement in Hong Kong. But frequent long-distance flying can be so tiring that the traveler begins to feel his brain is in one country, his digestion(消化吸收)in another and his powers of concentration nowhere---in short, he hardly knows where he is.

Air travel is so quick nowadays that we can leave London after breakfast and be in New York in eight hours, yet what really upsets us most is that when we arrive it is lunch time while we have already had lunch on the plane and are expecting dinner.

Doctors say that air travelers are in no condition to work after crossing a number of time zones. Airline pilots, however, often live by their own watches.

小题1:After a long air travel, a traveler _______.

A.finds himself in a different world

B.finds his brain apart from his body

C.finds himself in Hong Kong the following morning

D.has little sense about where he is小题2:The sentence “Airline pilots often live by their own watches. ” means______.

A.they don’t trust others’ watches

B.they don’t change their watches

C.they make a living by their own watches

D.they do as they used to do小题3:Doctors suggest the travelers_______?

A.should rest when they arrive in New York from London.

B.should work in good condition since they just finish a long journey.

C.rest in a place with good condition.

D.give up long journey since it makes them tired.

多项选择题