问题 单项选择题

当前,城管执法问题是备受争议和普遍关注的公共管理问题。从政府公共管理角度而言,城管执法是城市政府公共管理的重要组成部分;从社会服务角度而言,城管执法的好坏,直接影响到城市居民正常的生活秩序,是建设服务政府、法治政府的重要内容。
从各地城管执法表现出的问题分析,城管执法过程中存在的共同问题主要表现在两个方面:一方面是执法人员暴力执法、野蛮执法,具体表现为掀摊子、砸店子、罚款、没收等群众难以接受的方式;另一方面是被执法人员暴力抗法,他们往往认识不到其违章行为的严重性,以为自己没有违法,更没有构成犯罪。因此,当城管执法并使其利益受损的时候,有些人不是选择合法的途径解决问题,而是不理智地选择了暴力抗法。

城管暴力执法行为属于( )。

A.违法行政行为

B.应急行政行为

C.自由裁量行政行为

D.不当行政行为

答案

参考答案:A

解析: 很明显,暴力执法并非应急措施,故首先排除B项。自由裁量行政行为是指法律规范仅对行为目的、行为范围等作一原则性规定,而将行为的具体内容、条件、标准、幅度、方式等留给行政机关自行选择、决定而实施的行政行为。自由裁量行政行为必须在法律法规的范围内行使,故排除C项。不当行政行为是指虽然合法但不合理的行政行为。暴力执法已经谈不上“合法”,故排除D项。违法行政行为是指行政主体实施的行为违反行政法律规范,侵害受法律保护的行政关系而尚未构成犯罪的有过错的行为,如滥用职权、适用法律错误、程序违法等。故选A。

单项选择题

In recent years a new farming revolution has begun, one that involves the (1) of life at a fundamental level-the gene. The study of genetics has (2) a new industry called biotechnology. As the name suggests, it (3) biology and modern technology through such techniques as genetic engineering. Some of the new biotech companies specialize in agriculture and are working feverishly to (4) seeds that give a high yield, that (5) disease, drought and frost, and that reduce the need for (6) chemicals. If such goals could be achieved, it would be most (7) . But some have raised concerns about genetically engineered crops.

In nature, genetic diversity is created within certain (8) . A rose can be crossed with a different kind of rose, but a rose will never cross with a potato. Genetic engineering (9) usually involves taking genes from one species and inserting them into another (10) to transfer a desired characteristic. This could mean, for example, selecting a gene which leads to the production of a chemical with anti-freeze (11) from an arctic fish, and inserting it into a potato or strawberry to make it frost-resistant. (12) , then, biotechnology allows humans to (13) the genetic walls that separate species.Like the green revolution, (14) some call the gene revolution contributes to the problem of genetic uniformity-some say even more (15) geneticists can employ techniques such as cloning and (16) culture, processes that produce perfectly (17) copies. Concerns about the erosion of biodiversity, therefore, remain. Genetically altered plants, however, raise new (18) , such as the effect they may have on us and environment. ".We are flying blindly into a new (19) of agricultural biotechnology with high hopes, few constraints and little idea of the potential (20) ," said science writer Jemery Rifkin.

4()

A.hatch

B.train

C.duplicate

D.patent

多项选择题